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A Check-list of West Indian Amphibians and Reptiles, by Albert Schwartz and Richard Thomas. Special Publication, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, 1:1-216, 15 August 1975
p. 15 — Eleutherodactylus alticola: for 'V402 feet" read "7420 feet."
1 7 — Eleutherodactylus auriculatoides: change "6 km E El Rio" to "21 km E El Rio."
24 — Eleutherodactylus haitianus: Type-locality: change "La Vega Province" to "Santiago Province."
25 — Eleutherodactylus jamaicensis: MCZ 2512 consists of five Syn- types.
29 — Eleutherodactylus nubicola: for "5,000 feet" read "5,100 feet."
30 — Eleutherodactylus patriciae: for "partriciae" read ''patriciae."
42 — Eiyia heilprini: for "Pedro Santana" read "Pedro Sanchez."
42 — Hyla pulchrilineata: for "Pedro Santana" read "Pedro San- chez."
44 — Leptodactylus validus: Syntypes: add CAS 39437-39438.
50 — Ameiva aquilina: Syntypes: add CAS 39430-39432.
55 — Ameiva c. chrysolaema: for "Ameiva affinis" read "Cnemido- phorus affinis."
83 — Anolis asper: Syntypes: add CAS 39508-39510.
89 — Anolis lividus: Syntypes: add CAS 39422-39424.
89 — Anolis longitibialis: for "Isla Alto Velo" read "Isla Beata."
89 — Anolis luciae: Syntypes: add CAS 39425-39427.
106 — Anolis vincentii: Syntypes: add CAS 39433-39435.
1 1 1 — Cyclura carinata: change date of publication from 1 825 to 1 824.
133 — Leiocephalus melanochlorus: Syntypes: add CAS 39392.
135 — Leiocephalus arenarius: change date of publication from 191 1 to 1916.
136 — Leiocephalus punctatus: Type-locality: emend to read "north shore of the bay at Jamaica Wells, Acklin's Island, Bahama Is- lands."
1 38 — Leiocephalus schreibersi nesomorus: correct spelling of subspe- cies name.
1 39 — Leiocephalus stictigaster parasphex: correct citation to "Quart, j. Florida Acad. Sci. 27(3):212."
140 — Leiocephalus vinculum altavelensis: date of publication is 1933.
146 — Sphaeriodactylus elegans: correct spelling of generic name.
146 — Sphaeriodactylus punctatissimus: change date of publication
from 1835 to 1836.
146 — Sphaerodactylus alopex: for ''449" read "499."
1 56 — Sphaerodactylus nigropunctatus flavicauda: Syntypes: add CAS 39337.
191 — Tretanorhinus variabilis insulaepinorum: hlolotype: CM 311.
'■!
A CHECK- LIST OF
WEST INDIAN
AMPHIBIANS
AND
REPTILES
by
ALBERT SCHWARTZ and
RICHARD THOMAS
CARNEGIE MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY SPECIAL PUBLICATION N0.1
1
A OHECK-LIST OF WEST INDIAN
AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES
By
ALBERT SCHWARTZ
n I
Research Associate, Section of Amphibians and Reptiles
and
RICHARD THOMAS
Carnegie Museum of Natural History Pittsburgh 1975
Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Special Publication No. 1
Published August 15, 1975
Edited by C. J. McCoy Cover design by Clifford J. Morrow, Jr.
Addresses of authors:
Albert Schwartz
Miami-Dade Community College North Campus Miami, Florida 33167
Richard Thomas Museum of Zoology Louisiana State University Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803
©1975 by the Trustees of Carnegie Institute, all rights reserved.
Carnegie Museum of Natural History 4400 Forbes Avenue Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
3
PREFACE
For systematic zoologists and curators of systematic collections publication of a check-list is a blessed event. Check-lists are among the indispensible tools of these specialists, and for them the long, arduous, and costly process of compiling systematic and distributional data needs no further justification. For others, I can do no better than to quote the late Karl P. Schmidt: ''The preparation of a conspectus of the animal and plant kingdoms, and of the segments of that conspectus, I regard as a noble pro- gram, worthy of lifetimes of devoted study. The usefulness of such syntheses is not confined within the limited field of system- atic studies; they form a foundation for all of the biological sciences, and are of interest to all literate mankind.''
This check-list of West Indian amphibians and reptiles is a particularly appropriate program for Carnegie Museum of Nat- ural History. One of the first large-scale expeditions of the mu- seum was to the Isla de Pinos, and the continuing interest of the museum and its staff in the biota of the Caribbean Region has been expressed as encouragement for this project. I especially thank Robert E. Porteous for advice and assistance on editorial matters, and Mrs. Anna R. Tauber for help with literature prob- lems. But a major share of credit for publication of this check- list goes to M. Graham Netting, Director Emeritus of Carnegie Museum of Natural History, who supported the idea from its initiation.
March, 1975
C. J. McCoy
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION 5
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS AND LIST OE ABBREVIATIONS 8
SALIENTIA 11
TESTUDINES 47
SAURIA 49
AMPHISBAENIA 166
SERPENTES 169
CROCODYLIA 202
MAPS 204
INDEX
214
5
INTRODUCTION
Check-lists of regional faunas are presently out of fashion.
With the current general lack of emphasis on the classical dis- ciplines of biology, including taxonomy, many modern zoologists have little interest in details of faunal distribution. But check- lists serve a dual purpose. They demonstrate current thought on the diversity of taxa in a particular region and offer zoogeogra- phers concise statements about the distribution of animals within a region. Only with such detailed data can zoogeographers make secure generalizations about the affinities and diversity of faunas. Unless taxonomic and distributional data are periodically compiled and published in a systematic format, they will remain scattered through the literature and irretrievably locked in the personal opinions of specialists and the data accompanying their collections.
A second important justification for a check-list is the ephem- erality of biological events and conditions. Populations wax and wane with seeming irrationality, but with systematic recording of pertinent data, patterns may emerge. That a colony of lizard X occurred on a small cay in year A is a pertinent datum; in year D it may no longer be there, or it may share the cay with interloper lizard Y.
Furthermore we are reminded, continually and with increas- ing force, of human influence on the biosphere and the resulting accelerated transience of species associations. In the West Indies the detrimental influence of man on the biota is pronounced.
For this reason, we think it imperative to record as thoroughly as possible the present distribution of the amphibians and rep- tiles of the region. The processes of extinction are surprisingly little comprehended. To investigate them, an accurate record of the occurrence of species is a necessary starting point. This is one of the functions of a check-list. Another phenomenon of ex- treme interest is the invasion of islands and consequent inter- actions of newly arrived species with pre-existing faunal assem- blages. There are many instances in the Antilles of obviously recent interlopers (both ''natural'^ and human-engendered) whose ranges change markedly over short spans of time.
The West Indian islands have been the subject of much recent research, after their herpetofaunas had become ''completely known'' during the early years of the present century. Compari- son of the list of species of Eleutherodactylus in Barbour and Ramsden (1919, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 47(2):102) where six species were reported from Cuba with Buide's list of 30 Cuban species (1967, Torreia, n.s. 1:7-8), illustrates the giant strides that have been made in our knowledge of the Antillean herpetofauna. The original herpetologies of the Greater Antillean islands were primarily the result of collections made in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, when transportation on these large islands, espe-
6
cially in upland areas where the greatest abundance of species often exists, was difficult and hazardous. Such herpetologies in- clude that of Cuba by Barbour and Ramsden (op. cit.), Puerto Rico by Stejneger (1904, Rept. U.S. Natl. Mus. (1902):549-724), and Schmidt (1928, New York Acad. Sci., Scientific Surv. Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands 10(1):160 pp.), Jamaica by Lynn and Grant (1940, Bull. Inst. Jamaica, Sci. Ser. 1:148 pp.) and Hispaniola by Cochran (1941, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus. (177);398 pp.). There has never been published a comprehensive work on the herpetofauna of the Lesser Antillean islands.
Check-lists of Antillean amphibians and reptiles are equally dated. Barbour (1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2): 209-359) presented a comprehensive survey of the Antillean herpetofauna, which was followed by three further check-lists of this same fauna. The last of Barbour's check-lists (Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2):77-166) was published in 1937. The number of new taxa proposed since 1937 is monumental, and anyone seriously inter- ested in the West Indian fauna must search the literature on a worldwide basis to ascertain the names of taxa and their dis- tributions among the islands.
We have been engaged in collecting amphibians and reptiles in the West Indies since 1954, resulting in accumulation of over 70,000 specimens from 133 islands and islets that we have visited. Much of the distributional data from this material is unpublished, despite the detailed taxonomic treatments of many species and species-groups that have appeared since 1956. So many new taxa have been described during the intervening years that it is appropriate now to summarize our knowledge of the fauna, and to present the unpublished information on distribution.
Any check-list is outdated between compilation and publica- tion, and this one is no exception. We are aware of papers in press or in manuscript that describe additional new West Indian taxa, or rearrange and comment upon the status of taxa included here. But to wait until the study of the herpetofauna of a region is ''complete" before attempting a synopsis is a vain hope. Useful information then remains essentially interred for an indefinite period. Therefore, the present list is a status report. We do not suggest that our arrangements of taxa are definitive, since they certainly will be modified as time passes.
Wedefinethe West Indies (following Bond, 1956, Check-list of birds of the West Indies, Wickersham Printing Co., Lancaster, Penn.:iii) as comprising the Greater and Lesser Antilles (exclusive of Trinidad-Tobago, and the Dutch islands of Bonaire, Aruba, and Curasao), the Bahama Islands (including the Turks and Caicos islands), the Cayman Islands, the Swan Islands, and the Colom- bian islands of San Andres and Providencia. All these islands show a faunal community, in contrast to the peripheral islands whose faunas contain a strong continental element. We admit to
7
some arbitrariness in defining the West Indies. For example, Grenada at the southern end of the Lesser Antillean chain has a strongly (about 90 percent) South American herpetofauna and an Antillean component perhaps not much larger than some of the extra-Antillean islands. Grenada, however, is at the terminus of a gradual, irregular, southward decline in proportion of Antillean species through the Lesser Antilles. To include islands to the south of the Grenada Bank would necessitate treating a number of South American species having little relevance to the Antillean fauna.
We have listed, with annotations, only the Recent herpetofauna of the West Indies. We have not included forms known only from fossils, or from sub-Recent remains. Nor have we included the few non-Antillean species for which the Antillean records are unverified and zoogeographically improbable. We have included some forms known from preserved specimens taken in the Antilles, but which have not been collected in many years.
We have included introduced forms, and present for each a brief summary of the extra-Antillean range.
For each taxon we present the following information: 1) current name; 2) original name, author,date, bibliographic citation, type-locality, museum number (see abbreviations) of the primary type-material if we have been able to locate it; 3) first use of the present combination, including author and citation;
4) synonyms (sensu stricto, not chresonyms as defined by Smith and Smith, 1972, Syst. Zool. 21(4):445) based on West Indian type- material, with author, date, citation, type-locality, and primary type-material; 5) distribution, including details of intraisland dis- tribution and altitudinal range where pertinent or known; 6) re- marks, including any questionable data, problems of relation- ships, or opinions of others on taxonomic status.
We have not hesitated to clarify or modify older or carelessly recorded type-localities, but we have refrained from restricting type-localities. We have given restrictions that have appeared in print, since in most cases these restrictions have been made with adequate attention to history, itineraries of collectors, and the era of collection of the type-material involved. Despite the fact that such restrictions have no legal status, they reflect the opin- ions of specialists and are thus of value. Where single specimens have been selected as lectotypes from syntypic series, we have used these designations and cited the source. Also, we have changed all // patronyms to single /. The exact original ortho- graphy is, however, given in the synonymic citation of the name.
It has long been our practice to emend patronyms to the single -/ ending, and we trust that the difference in -/ or -// terminations will not prevent readers from recognizing the basic identity of the name.
8
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS AND LIST OE ABBREVIATIONS
Our indebtedness to many people who are interested in Antillean herpetogeography is great indeed. C. J. McCoy has acted as editor for this publication. To a large extent consistency in the accounts is the result of his efforts, and he has checked on correctness in many matters as well as supplied us with literature references. Errors of either commission or omission are ours, how- ever, and not his. Early in our intention to compile a check-list Philip A. Evers offered to comb the literature for museum num- bers of type-specimens, thereby relieving us of this task. In the United States we have enjoyed the cooperation of various museums that have Antillean material. We especially thank Ernest E. Williams and George R. Zug for their prompt replies to our many (and often bizarre) requests and queries. Ronald I. Crombie at the National Museum of Natural History also has been unfailingly helpful in all technical matters, and has read the accounts of Jamaican species. Overseas, Orlando H. Garrido of the Academia de Ciencias de Cuba, Institute de Zoologfa, has kept us informed of his own research and has checked for accuracy the Cuban portion of the manuscript. Juan A. Rivero and George Drewry have read the Puerto Rican sections and made valuable comments.
In locating primary type-specimens in foreign collections we have had the complete cooperation of A. E. Stimson, British Museum (Natural History), F. W. Braestrup, Universitetets Zoologiske Museum in K^^benhavn, Gunther Peters, Museum fur Naturkunde in Berlin, jean Guibe, Muse'^um National D'Histoire Naturelle, Robert Mertens, Natur-Museum und Forschungs- Institut Senckenberg, W. Ladiges, Zoologisches Museum of the Universitat Hamburg, and Josef Eiselt, Naturhistorisches Museum in Wien. In addition, Volker Mahnert in Geneve, M.S. Hoogmoed in Leiden, and Lothar Forcart in Basel have offered suggestions for locating type-specimens in European collections.
In addition, we gratefully recognize the aid of Edmond V. Malnate and Hobart M. Smith in matters of literature, and George C. Gorman and James D. Lazell, Jr., for comments on anoline lizards and the Lesser Antillean herpetofauna in general. Richard E. Etheridge has aided us with problems involving iguanid lizards. Margaret M. Stewart has provided additional Jamaican locality records, and M. J. Fouquette assisted with the problem of the St. Lucia Hyla rubra. Richard Philiboslan made available a manuscript on the herpetology of the Virgin Islands.
The entire final manuscript was read by Lewis D. Ober and Donald W. Buden, to whom we are grateful for comments and criticism. Douglas A. Rossman also read a number of the accounts, and made helpful suggestions.
9
Although we have used pertinent records from other collections and from the literature, the majority of the distributional data is based upon specimens collected by ourselves and parties since 1954, and now in the collections of the American Museum of Natural History and of the senior author (Albert Schwartz Field Series). Our work in Cuba and Hispaniola has been greatly aided by four grants from the National Science Foundation (G-3865, G-6252, G-7977, B-023603). But the very essence of the large quantity of material we have from the Antilles is the number of enthusiastic collectors — both friends and students — over the years. To list all of them here, as well as others who have con- tributed specimens for our use, is impossible, but to omit the names of some would be a slight to their competent activities.
We acknowledge the assistance in the field of Patricia A. Adams, Robert K. Bobilin, Donald W. Buden, Danny C. Fowler, David C. Leber, Ronald F. Klinikowski, James W. Norton, Dennis R.
Paulson, James A. Rodgers, jr.. Barton L. Smith, and William W. Sommer. For gifts of specimens over the years, we wish especial- ly to acknowledge C. Rhea Warren, W. Michael Carey, Lewis D. Ober, Louis W. Porras, James R. McCranie, and John C.
Rindfleish. The task of reading proof has been facilitated by Michael H. Strahm, and the senior author is especially in his debt for this assistance.
The following abbreviations for museum collections that house type-material of Antillean amphibians and reptiles have been employed.
AMNH — American Museum of Natural History, New York ANSP — Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia BMNH — British Museum (Natural History), London BYU — Brigham Young University, Provo CAS-SU — Stanford University (in California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco)
CM — Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh ChM — Charleston Museum, Charleston FMNH — Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago HZM — Universitat Hamburg, Zoologische Museum, Hamburg IZ — Institute de Zoologfa, Academia de Ciencias, La Habana KU — Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas, Lawrence
LSUMZ — Museum of Zoology, Louisiana State University,
Baton Rouge
MB — Naturhistorisches Museum, Basel
MCZ — Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge
MFP — Museo Felipe Poey, La Habana
MNHN — Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris
NMV — Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien
PU — Princeton University, Princeton
10
RNH — Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden SMF — Natur-Museum Senckenberg, Frankfurt am Main SMNF1 — NaturFiistoriska Riksmuseet, StockFioIm UF/FSM — Florida State Museum, University of Florida, Gainesville
UIMNF1 — University of Illinois Museum of Natural History, Urbana
UMMZ — Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
USNM — National Museum of Natural History, Washington UZM — Universitetets Zoologiske Museum, K)zfbenhavn YPM — Yale Peabody Museum, Yale University, New Haven ZMB — Museum fur Naturkunde, Humboldt-Universitat, Berlin ZSM — Zoologisches Staatsammiung, Munchen
11
SALIENTIA
BUFO CATAULACICEPS Schwartz
Bufo cataulaciceps Schwartz, 1959, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 72:110. Type- locality: 7.9 mi. N Santa Fe, Habana Province, Isla de Pinos. Holotype:
AMNH 61982.
Distribution. Isla de Pinos and extreme western Cuba in Pinar del Rfo Province (Pinar del Rm, La Fe, Isabel Rubio).
BUFO EMPUSUS Cope
Peltaphryne empusa Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:344.
Type-locality: Cuba. Holotype: ANSP 2721.
Bufo empusus: Stejneger, 1905, Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus. 28:765.
Bufo taladai jaumei Vogel, 1965 (nomen nudum), Monatssch. ornith. und vivarienkunde, Ausg. B, Aquarien und Terrarien 12(12):422. Type-locality:
Near Nueva Gerona, Isla de Pinos. Holotype: MFP 953. See also Vogel, 1968, Monatssch. ornith. und vivarienkunde, Ausg. B, 15(3):88-89, for validation of name, and Vogel, 1968, Poeyana (89):1-4, for further description; also Moreno, 1969, Acad. Cien. Cuba, Mus. Felipe Poey, Ser. Biol. 13:3-19, for analysis of holotype and status of name.
Distribution. Cuba and Isla de Pinos, islandwide at low elevations.
BUFO FLUVIATICUS Schwartz
Bufo fluviaticus Schwartz, 1972, J. Herpetol. 6(3-4) :226. Type-locality: 1.8 mi.
(2.9 km) W Los Quemados, Santiago Rodrfguez Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: CM 54074.
Distribution. Northwestern Republica Dominicana, known from the type- locality and 2 km E Santiago Rodriguez (= Sabaneta), at elevations of about 500 feet.
BUFO GUNDLACHI Ruibal
Bufo qundlachi Ruibal, 1959, Breviora (105):2. Type-locality: About14 km NE Camaguey, Camaguey Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 30551.
Distribution: Cuba; known from all provinces, but in Oriente apparently only in the extreme southwest (Manzanillo, Yara); Isla de Pinos.
BUFO GUNTHERI Cochran
Bufo guntheri Cochran, 1941, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus. (177):8. Type-locality: Port- au-Prince, De^’partement de I’Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: USNM 59081.
(1) Bufo guntheri guntheri Cochran
Bufo guntheri guntheri: Schwartz, 1972, J. Herpetol. 6(3-4):218.
Distribution. Hispaniola; in the Cul de Sac-Valle de Neiba plain from Momance, Haiti, in the west to Barahona, Republica Dominicana, in the east; also in the Elanos de Azua (Peravia Province) and Valle de San Juan northwest to Ba^’nica on the Dominico-Haitian border; northern Hispaniola from jean Rabel in extreme northwestern Haiti east through the Dominican Valle de Cibao to Ponton, Duarte Province; generally in low xeric regions, but also in mesic and slightly higher areas near La Vega and at Ponton.
(2) Bufo guntheri fractus Schwartz, 1972, J. Herpetol. 6(3-4) :218. Type-locality;
0.7 mi. (1.1 km) W Higuey, La Altagracia Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: USNM 189235.
Distribution. Known from mesic regions in the vicinity of Higuey and La Enea, where very abundant.
BUFO LEMUR Cope
Peltaphryne lemur Cope, 1868, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 20:311. Type- locality: Puerto Rico. Holotype: unlocated.
Bufo lemur: Stejneger, 1904, Rept. U.S. Natl. Mus. for 1902:570.
Bufo turpis Barbour, 1917, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 30:102.
Type-locality: Virgin Gorda, British Virgin Islands. Holotype: MCZ 4099.
Distribution. Puerto Rico and Virgin Gorda; apparently now uncommon.
BUFO LONGINASUS Stejneger
Bufo longinasus Stejneger, 1905, Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus. 28:765. Type-locality: El Guama, Pinar del Rfo Province, Cuba. Holotype: USNM 27419.
(1) Bufo longinasus longinasus Stejneger
Bufo longinasus longinasus: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2):96.
Distribution. Known from the type-locality and northwest of Pinar del Rm.
(2) Bufo longinasus dunni Barbour
Bufo dunni Barbour, 1926, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 5:192. Type- locality: Mina Carlota, near Cumanayagua, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 11076.
Bufo longinasus dunni: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2):96.
Distribution. Known only from the uplands of the Sierra de Trinidad in Las Villas Province, where common.
(3) Bufo longinasus ramsdeni Barbour
Bufo ramsdeni Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2) :240. Type-local- ity: Los Hondones, Monte Lmano, Guantanamo, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 3213.
Bufo longinasus ramsdeni: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2):96.
Distribution. Known from a very few specimens from the mountains north of Guanta’namo in eastern Cuba.
BUFO MARINUS Linnaeus
Rana marina Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 1 :211.
Type-locality: America; restricted by Muller and Hellmich, 1936, Wissensch. Ergebn. deutscben Gran Chaco-Exped.: Amphib. und Rept.:4, to Suriname. Holotype: unlocated.
Bufo marinus: Schneider, 1799, Hist. Amph. nat. et lit. 1:219.
Distribution. Central and South America. Successfully introduced in the West Indies, on Jamaica, Puerto Rico, St. Croix, St. Thomas, Hispaniola, Barbados, Grenada, St. Vincent, St. Lucia, Martinique, Guadeloupe, St. Christopher, Nevis, Montserrat, and Antigua; apparently unsuccessfully introduced on Cuba (Buide, 1967, Torreia, n.s. (1):13). Altitudinal distribution in the Antilles from sea level to about 2000 feet (Valle de jarabacoa, Republica Dominicana), but much more abundant, often locally, at low elevations.
13
BUFO PELTOCEPHALUSTschudi
Bufo peltocephalus Tschudi, 1838, Classif. Batr. :82. Type-locality: Cuba.
Restricted to the vicinity of Santiago de Cuba, Oriente Province, by Schwartz, 1960, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 73:47. Holotype: MNHN 4989.
(1) Bufo peltocephalus peltocephalus Tschudi
Bufo peltacephalus peltacephalus: Schwartz, 1960. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washing- on 73:46.
Distribution. Cuba: from Las Villas Province (vicinity of Cienfuegos) east throughout Oriente Province; Isla de Pinos; Archipielago de Sabana- Camaguey (Cayo Santa Marfa).
(2) Bufo peltocephalus fustiger Schwartz
Bufo peltacephalus fustiger Schwartz, 1960. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 73:47. Type-locality: San Vicente, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMHN 59847.
Distribution. Western Cuba; in Pinar del Rfo, Habana, and extreme north- western Matanzas provinces.
REMARKS. The subspecific status of the Isla de Pinos populations is ques- tionable (Schwartz, 1960, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 73:49-50). Intergrada- tion between B. p. peltocephalus and B. p. fustiger is unknown, and there is a possibility that these taxa are distinct species. The name peltocephalus is etymologically incorrect, and many authors have used the etymologically correct peltacephalus. A specimen of B. peltocephalus has recently been taken at Playa Larga, Cienaga de Zapata, but remains unassigned sub- specifically.
BUFO TALADAI Schwartz
Bufo taladai Schwartz, 1960, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 73:51. Type-locality:
2 mi. S Taco Bay (Bahfa de Taco), Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 63485.
Distribution. Central and western Cuba, from Soledad and Cumanayagua,
Las Villas Province, east to the type-locality.
REMARKS. B. taladai hybridizes with 6. peltocephalus in Oriente Province (Schwartz, 1960, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 73:54).
CALYPTAHYLA CRUCIALIS Harlan. new connbination
Hyla crucialis Harlan, 1826, Amer. J. Sci. and Arts 10:64. Type-locality: Jamaica. Holotype: ANSP 2180.
Trachycephalus llchenatus Gosse, 1851, Naturalist's Sojourn in jama/ca :362. Type-locality: The summit of Bluefields Mountain, Westmoreland Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: unlocated.
Trachycephalus anochloros Gosse, 1851, Naturalist's Sojourn in Jamaica:366. Type-locality: Western Jamaica, probably Hanover Parish (see Gosse, 1851:366). Holotype: unlocated.
Distribution. Known from scattered, principally interior localities over much of Jamaica; one record from southern St. Catherine Parish (Hellshire Hills); not recorded from Trelawny, St. Ann, St. Mary, St. Andrew, or St. Thomas parishes. The only elevation record is 1600 feet (4 mi. W Ewarton, St. Catherine Parish).
14
REMARKS. Trueb and Tyler (1974, Occ. Papers Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas (24):41) used the combination Calyptahyla lichenata for this species.
Crombie (1973, Bull. zool. Nomencl. 30(1):4-6) recommended use of the name Hyla crucialis.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS ABBOTTI Cochran
Eleutherodactylus abbotti Cochran, 1923, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 36:93. Type-locality: Laguna, Samana^'Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: USNM 65055.
Distribution. Hispaniola; in Haiti, known from scattered localities on the Tiburon Peninsula from Dame-Marie in the extreme west to Morne de Cayette, Kenscoff-Furcy, Seguin, Fond Verrettes, Thiotte, and Foret des Pins in the east, in both the Massif de la Hotte and Massif de la Selle and in the lowlands (Dame-Marie; Aquin); extreme northern Haiti (Limbe'’; Citadelle Laferriere; Marmelade; Anse a Margot; Grande Riviere du Nord); widely distributed in the Republica Dominicana, but apparently absent in the xeric northwest (Monte Cristi Province) and most of the southeast, where found only along the southern shore of the Bahfa de Samana (Sabana de la Mar; Miches) and in the mountains northwest of San Cristobal; an isolated occurrence at the Rfo Cumayasa, La Romana Province; very abun- dant in all mountains except the Cordillera Oriental in the Republica Dominicana, even occurring in the Sierra Martm Garcia in Barahona and Azua provinces, but absent from the xeric Peninsula de Barahona. Alti- tudinal distribution from sea level at many localities to 5600 feet (Furcy, Montagne Noire) and to 6000 feet in the Cordillera Central north and south- east of Constanza; in the Sierra de Baoruco and Massif de la Selle in south- western Republica Dominicana from 600 feet (13.0 mi. N Pedernales) to 4800 feet (El Aguacate),
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS ACMONIS Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus acmonis Schwartz, 1960, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (11):42. Type-locality; West slope, El Yunque de Baracoa, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 63426.
Distribution. Cuba; known from the type-locality, Cupeyal, and west-south- west of Maffo in the Sierra Maestra, Oriente Province.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS ALBJPES Barbour and Shreve
Eleutherodactylus albipes Barbour and Shreve, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 80(9):383. Type-locality: Pico Turquino, 5400 feet to 6000 feet, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 22045.
Distribution. Known only from the vicinity of the type-locality in the Sierra Maestra.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS ALCOAE Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus alcoae Schwartz, 1971, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 43(2):26. Type- locality: 22 km NE Cabo Rojo, 1500 feet (458 meters), Pedernales Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: CM 45889.
Distribution. Hispaniola; Republica Dominicana south of the Massif de la Selle-Sierra de Baoruco, from the Rm Pedernales east to 32 km SE Perdernales on the Penmsula de Barahona; an isolated occurrence at Los
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Patos, Barahona Province; expected in extreme southeastern Haiti. Alti- tudinal distribution from sea level (Los Patos) to 2000 feet in the Sierra de Baoruco.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS ALTICOLA Lynn
Eleutherodactylus alticola Lynn, 1937, Herpetologica 1(3):89. Type-locality: Blue Mountain Peak, St. Thomas Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: USNM 102524.
Distribution. Jamaica: high elevations of the Blue Mountains between Sir Johns Peak and the type-locality. Altitudinal distribution from 3450 feet (Sally River at Radnor Plantation) to 7420 feet (Blue Mountain Peak).
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS ANDREWSI Lynn
Eleutherodactylus andrewsi Lynn, 1937, Herpetologica 1(3):88. Type-locality: Chester Vale, St. Andrew Parish, Jamaica, hlolotype: USNM 102515.
Distribution. Jamaica: high elevaltions of the Blue Mountains in St. Andrew, Portland, and St. Thomas parishes. Altitudinal distribution from 2500 feet (north of Irish Town) to 4250 feet (Hardwar Gap).
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS ANTILLENSIS Reinhardt and Lutken
Hylodes antillensis Reinhardt and Lutken, 1863, Vidensk. Med. naturhist. Foren. Kjifbenhavn 1862:209. Type-locality: "St. Thomas,” Virgin Islands. Syntypes: UZM R. 1182 (St. Croix), R. 1183-84 (St. John), R.1177, R.1196 (St. Thomas), R.1197 (Vieques).
Eleutherodactylus antillensis: Stejneger, 1904, Rept. U.S. Natl. Mus. for 1902:591.
Distribution. The Puerto Rico Bank: widespread in Puerto Rico at low to intermediate elevations, rare or absent from upland forests; known from the islands of Vieques, Culebra,St. Thomas, St. John, Tortola, St. Croix, and Virgin Gorda. Altitudinal distribution, sea level (many localities) to 1500 feet (5.5 mi. NE Utuado), although specimens are known from Toro Negro (probably about 4000 feet).
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS APOSTATES Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus apostates Schwartz, 1973, J. Herpetol. 7(3):262. Type-locality: Ca. 2 km S Castillon, 3800 feet (1159 meters), Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: CM 54093.
Distribution. Known only from the region of the type-locality. Altitudinal distribution between 3500 feet and 3900 feet.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS ARMSTRONGI Noble and Hassler
Eleutherodactylus armstrongi Noble and Hassler, 1933, Amer. Mus. Novitates (652):2. Type-locality: 'El Propio Esfuerzo,’ coffee finca of Luis E. Del Monte, near Barahona, 1800 feet, Barahona Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: AMNH 44554.
Distribution. Hispaniola; in Haiti, known from the Montagne Noire (Furcy; Obleon; Peneau) and the Massif de la Selle (3.8 - 5.4 mi. SW Seguin); in the Republica Dominicana, known from the Sierra de Baoruco in the Polo- Las Auyamas region, but also descending to within 1.9 mi. W Paraiso in riverine forest near the coast; in Haiti, primarily a denizen of pinewoods but absent from this habitat in the western Sierra de Baoruco (above Cabo
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Rojo; Aceitillar) and present in deciduous woods and cafetales in the Polo region. Altitudinal distribution from 500 feet (west of Parafso) to 5600 feet (Furcy).
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS ATKINSI Dunn
Eleutherodactylus atkinsi Dunn, 1925, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 5:165. Type-locality: Colonia Guabairo, near Cienfuegos, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 10587.
(1) Eleutherodactylus atkinsi atkinsi Dunn
Eleutherodactylus atkinsi atkinsi: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2):103.
Distribution. Throughout Cuba, except in the eastern uplands of Oriente Province between Moa and Imias; Isla de Pinos.
(2) Eleutherodactylus atkinsi orientalis Barbour and Shreve Eleutherodactylus atkinsi orientalis Barbour and Shreve, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 80(9) :382. Type-locality: Upper Rfo Ovando, 1000 feet to 1200 feet, Oriente Province, Cuba. Eiolotype: MCZ 22158.
Distribution. Extreme eastern Oriente Province, between Moa and the moun- tains north of Imias; most localities are coastal or nearly so (Bahia de Taco; Baracoa; mouth of Rio Yumurf), but the subspecies also occurs to moderate elevations at the type-locality and north of Imias (3000 feet to 4000 feet).
REMARKS. Intergrades between the two subspecies are known from 22 km S Bueycito, San Vicente, and Cuabitas, Oriente Province; however, material from Santiago de Cuba and vicinity is fairly typical of E. a. atkinsi.
E. atkinsi has been reported from Cayo Las Brujas in the Archipielago de Sabana-Camaguey off the northern Cuban coast.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS AUDANTI Cochran
Eleutherodactylus audanti Cochran, 1934, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8:164. Type-locality: Pic la Selle, Departement de I'Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 19704.
(1) Eleutherodactylus audanti audanti Cochran
Eleutherodactylus audanti audanti: Schwartz, 1966, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 133(8): 380.
Distribution. Hispaniola; in Haiti, the Massif de la Hotte (foothills of Pic Macaya; south of Castillon), the Montagne Noire and the Massif de la Selle (Furcy, Kenscoff, Morne Cabaio, Morne la Visite, Pic la Selle, Foret des Pins, Seguin, Bois Pin); in the Repdblica Dominicana known only from between Los Arroyos and El Aguacate in the Dominican portion of the Massif de la Selle. Altitudinal distribution from 3800 feet (south of Castillon) to 7200 feet (north of Los Arroyos).
(2) Eleutherodactylus audanti melatrigonum Schwartz Eleutherodactylus audanti melatrigonum Schwartz, 1966, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 133(8) :384. Type-locality: 7 km (4 mi.) N Constanza, La Vega Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 43206.
Distribution. Republica Dominicana; the Cordillera Central north of Constanza and the Valle de Culata, La Vega Province. Altitudinal distribu- tion about 5000 feet.
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(3) Eleutherodactylus audanti notidodes Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus audanti notidodes Schwartz, 1966, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 133(8):380. Type-locality: 20 km (11.7 mi.) SW Hondo Valle, 5950 feet, Independencia Province, Republica Dominicana. hlolotype: MCZ 43204.
Distribution. Republica Dominicana; the Sierra de Neiba in Independencia and La Estrelleta provinces. Altitudinal distribution from about 4400 feet to 5950 feet.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS AURICULATOIDES Noble
Eleutherodactylus auriculatoides Noble, 1923, Amer. Mus. Novitates (61);3. Type-locality: Near Constanza-Jarabacoa Trail, Paso Bajito, La Vega Province, Republica Dominicana. hlolotype: AMNH 11403.
Distribution. Hispaniola; the Cordillera Central in the Republica Dominicana, from the type-locality in the north, 7 mi. W jayaco in the east, between Rancho Arriba and Piedra Blanca in the south, and 6 km E El Rio in the west. Altitudinal distribution 2600 feet (between Rancho Arriba and Piedra Blanca) to 6200 feet (20.4 km SE Constanza).
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS AURICULATUS Cope
tiyiodes auriculatus Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:152.
Type-locality: Eastern Cuba, hlolotype: formerly in ANSP, now lost. Eleutherodactylus auriculatus: Stejneger, 1904, Rept. U.S. Natl. Mus. for 1902:538. Eleutherodactylus sonans Dunn, 1925, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist.,
5:164. Type-locality: Soledad, Las Villas Province, Cuba, hlolotype: MCZ 10609.
Distribution. Islandwide at low to moderate elevations on Cuba and Isla de Pinos.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS BAKERI Cochran
Eleutherodactylus bakeri Cochran, 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40(6):369. Type-locality: Mt. la Hotte (=Pic Macaya), 5000 feet to 7800 feet, D^partement Sud, Haiti, hlolotype: MCZ 19837.
Distribution. Hispaniola; the Massif de la Hotte in Haiti, known from the type-locality and the vicinity of Castillon. Altitudinal distribution 2500 feet to 7698 feet.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS BARLAGNEI Lynch
Eleutherodactylus barlagnei Lynch, 1965, Breviora (220):2. Type-locality:
Matouba, ca. 700 meters, the Basse-Terre portion of Guadeloupe, hlolotype: MCZ 35334.
Distribution. Known only from the Basse-Terre portion of Guadeloupe at elevations of 600 to about 2100 feet.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS BARTONSMITHI Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus bartonsmithi Schwartz, 1960, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (11):10. Type-locality: Mouth of Rio Yumurf, east side, Oriente Province, Cuba, hlolotype: AMNH 63409.
Distribution. Cuba; known from the type-locality and Cupeyal, Oriente Province.
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ELEUTHERODACTYLUS BRESSLERAE Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus bresslerae Schwartz, 1960, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (11):45. Type-locality: Mouth of Rio Yumurf, east side, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 63432.
Distribution. Cuba; known from the type-locality and "La Patana, Baracoa" in extreme eastern Oriente Province.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS BREVIROSTRIS Sh reve
Eleutherodactylus brevirostris Shreve, 1936, Proc. New England Zool. Club 15:95. Type-locality: Northern and eastern foothills. Massif de la Hotte,
1000 feet to 4000 feet, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Eiolotype: MCZ 21557.
Distribution. Hispaniola; the Massif de la Hotte in Haiti, known from the type-locality and south of Castillon. Altitudinal distribution from 3500 feet to 7698 feet.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS BRITTONI Schmidt
Eleutherodactylus brittoni Schmidt, 1920, Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 28:179. Type-locality: El Yunque, near the Eorester's Cabin, about 1300 feet altitude, Bosque Experimental de Luquillo, Puerto Rico. Eiolotype: AMNH 10318.
Distribution. Puerto Rico; known from scattered interior and upland locali- ties from 5 mi. SE Mayaguez in the west to the El Yunque region in the east, and peripherally from the Cordillera Jaicoa (7 km S Mora) and the Sierra de Panduras (2 mi. SW Yabucoa). Altitudinal distribution from 800 feet (7 km S Mora) to 2100 feet (2 km NE Barranquitas).
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS CAVERNICOLA Lynn
Eleutherodactylus cavernicola Lynn, 1954, J. Washington Acad. Sci. 44(12):400. Type-locality: Portland Cave, Clarendon Parish, Jamaica. Eiolotype: USNM 135239.
Distribution. Jamaica; known from the type-locality and two caves near Jackson’s Bay, Clarendon Parish.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS COCHRANAE Grant
Eleutherodactylus cochranae Grant, 1932, J. Dept. Agr. Puerto Rico 16(3):325. Type-locality: "St. John,” U.S. Virgin Islands; however, the syntypes all bear the datum "Hassel I., nr. St. Thomas.” Holotype: Chapman Grant Collection 5659; the only type material now known is MCZ 18603-21, regard- ed as syntypes by Barbour and Loveridge, 1946, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 96(2):105.
Distribution. The Puerto Rico Bank: scattered, primarily peripheral locali- ties throughout Puerto Rico, inland to Utuado, Aibonito, the Sierra de Cayey (Jajome region) and the southwestern flank of El Yunque; also Isla Vieques, St. Thomas, Hassel I. and Bovoni Cay near St. Thomas, St. John, and Tortola. Altitudinal distribution from sea level (many localities) to 1100 feet (17.7 km NE Utuado).
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ELEUTHERODACTYLUS COOKI Grant
Eleutherodactylus cooki Grant, 1932, J. Dept. Agr. Puerto Rico 16(2):145. Type- locality: Sierra de Panduras, southeastern Puerto Rico. Holotype: UMMZ 73442.
Distribution. Southeastern Puerto Rico in the Sierra de Panduras region, west to the San Lorenzo-Patillas road. Altitudinally, recorded from 800 feet (7.6 km WSW Yabucoa).
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS COQUI Thomas
Eleutherodactylus coqui Thomas, 1966, Quart. J. Florida Acad. Sci. 28(4) :376. Type-locality: 11.8 km S Palmer, Area Recreo La Mina, Puerto Rico.
Holotype: MCZ 43208.
Distribution. Throughout Puerto Rico, although not common in the extreme- ly xeric southwest; introduced on St. Thomas and St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Is., and at Miami, Florida (Fairchild Gardens). Altitudinal distribution from sea level (various localities) to 3900 feet (10 km E La Pica, Reserva Forestal de Toro Negro).
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS COUNOUSPEUS Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus counouspeus Schwartz, 1964, Breviora (208) ;2. Type-locality: Grotte de Counou Bois, 1 mi. (1.6 km) SW Camp Perrin, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 43199.
Distribution. Hispaniola; the Tiburon Peninsula in Haiti, known from the type-locality, Les Platons, and near Castillon (all at moderate elevations in the Massif de la Hotte) and the Monts Cartaches (Grotte la Foret). Alti- tudinal distribution from about 1000 feet to 2500 feet.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS CUBANUS Barbour
Eleutherodactylus parvus Barbour and Shreve, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool.
80(9): 386. Preoccupied by Hylodes (=Eleutherodactylus) parvus Girard, 1853, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 6:423. Type-locality: Cueva del Aura, ca. 3500 feet, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 21947.
Eleutherodactylus cubanus Barbour, 1942, Copeia (3):179 (substitute name for Eleutherodactylus parvus Barbour and Shreve).
Distribution. Known only from the type-locality.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS CUNDALLI Dunn
Eleutherodactylus cundalli Dunn, 1926, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 38:121. Type-locality: Spaldings, Clarendon Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 11126.
(1) Eleutherodactylus cundalli cundalli Dunn
Eleutherodactylus lynni Coin and Cooper, 1950, Occ. Papers Inst. Jamaica (4):4. Type-locality: Sweetwater, near Horse Guards Road, St. James Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: USNM 127976.
Eleutherodactylus cundalli cundalli: Schwartz and Fowler, 1973, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 43(142):69.
Distribution. Western Jamaica, east to the vicinity of Port Maria on the north coast; not recorded from St. Elizabeth Parish or from the southern parts of Manchester, Clarendon, and St. Catherine parishes. Altitudinal dis-
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tribution from sea level (Negril; Ocho Rios) to 1800 feet (Lookout, St. Catherine Parish).
(2) Eleutherodactylus cundalli glaucoreius Schwartz and Fowler
Eleutherodactylus cundalli glaucoreius Schwartz and Fowler, 1973, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 43(142):73. Type-locality: 4.5 mi. (7.2 km) S Fair Prospect, Portland Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 43320.
Distribution. Eastern Jamaica in St. Andrew, Portland, and St. Thomas parishes, from sea level to at least 4250 feet (Hardwar Gap).
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS CUNEATUS Cope
E-lylodes cuneatus Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:152. Type- locality: Eastern Cuba. Syntypes: USNM 5202(2).
Eleutherodactylus cuneatus: Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2) :244,
Distribution. Islandwide on Cuba; Isla de Pinos.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS DARLINGTON* Cochran
Eleutherodactylus darlingtoni Cochran, 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40(6):368. Type-locality: Near La Visite, Massif de la Selle, Departement de I'Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 19847.
Distribution. Hispaniola; the Massif de la Selle in Haiti, known from the type-locality and the ridge of the La Selle on the road to Saltrou, presumably widely distributed in the Massif de la Selle; to be expected in the Republica Dominicana between Los Arroyos and El Aguacate. Altitudinal distribution from about 5000 feet to about 7000 feet.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS DIMIDIATUS Cope
Hylodes dimidiatus Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:151. Type- locality: Eastern Cuba. Elolotype: unlocated.
Eleutherodactylus dimidiatus: Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2) :244.
(1) Eleutherodactylus dimidiatus dimidiatus Cope Eleutherodactylus dimidiatus dimidiatus: Schwartz, 1958, Amer. Mus. Novitates (1873):12.
Distribution. Central and eastern Cuba, from Las Villas Province (Sierra de Trinidad) east to the tip of the island (Baracoa; mountains north of Imias); rarely encountered in lowlands and more abundant in mountainous forested areas (Sierra de Trinidad; Loma de Cunagua; Sierra de Cubitas; Sierra Maestra; Sierra de la Gran Piedra; Cuchillas de Toa; Sierra de Purial).
(2) Eleutherodactylus dimidiatus amelasma Schwartz Eleutherodactylus dimidiatus amelasma Schwartz, 1958, Amer. Mus.
Novitates {'l873):12.Tj/pe-locality: Entrance of a small cave just south of San Vicente, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 59830.
Distribution. Western Cuba in Pinar del Rio Province, from 19.5 km NW Pinar del Rio east to Soroa; apparently restricted to the Sierra de los Organos and the Sierra del Rosario.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS EILEENAE Dunn
Eleutherodactylus eileenae Dunn, 1926, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist.
5:212. Type-locality: Mina Carlota, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype:
MCZ 11128.
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Eleutherodactylus gehrmanni Schwartz, 1958, Amer. Mus. Novitates (1873) :4. Type-locality: San Vicente, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 59828.
Distribution. Cuba, from Pinar del Rio Province east throughtout Camaguey Province (Sierra de Najasa); an isolated and questionable record from Pico Turquino, Oriente Province (UMMZ 80910).
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS EMILIAE Dunn
Eleutherodactylus emiliae Dunn, 1926, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist.
5:213. Type-locality: Mina Carlota, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype:
MCZ 11129.
Distribution. Known only from the type-locality in the Sierra de Trinidad.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS ENEIDAE Rivero
Eleutherodactylus eneidae Rivero, 1959, Breviora (103) :4. Type-locality: Dona Juana Forests, Villalba, Puerto Rico. Holotype: MCZ 30429.
Distribution. Interior uplands of Puerto Rico, from 8.5 mi. N Sabana Grande in the west to the Bosque Experimental de Luquillo in the east. Alti- tudinal distribution from 1000 feet (2.2 mi. SW Sabana) to 3500-3800 feet (30 km N, 3.1 km E Ponce).
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS ETHERIDGEI Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus etheridgei Schwartz, 1958, Amer. Mus. Novitates (1873):16. Type-locality: United States Naval Base, Guantanamo Bay, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: UMMZ 110180.
Distribution. Cuba; known from the type-locality and Santiago de Cuba, Oriente Province.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS EUNASTER Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus eunaster Schwartz, 1973, j. Herpetol. 7(3);250. Type-locality: Castillon, ca. 2500 feet (763 meters), Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: USNM 189254.
Distribution. Hispaniola; Haiti, known from the region of the type-locality and 25 mi. N Les Cayes on the road between Les Cayes and jeremie. Altitudinal distribution from 2500 feet to 3800 feet.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS FLAVESCENS Noble
Eleutherodactylus flavescens Noble, 1923, Amer. Mus. Novitates (61):2. Type- locality: Los Bracitos, Duarte Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: AMNH 11402.
Distribution. Hispaniola; eastern Repdblica Dominicana, from Sosua on the north coast south to Pico Diego de Ocampo and the Cordillera Septentrional, through eastern La Vega Province (9 km SW La Vega; 11.1 km W jayaco;
9.4 mi. SW Piedra Blanca), to southern San Cristobal Province (southeast of El Cacao; northwest of Cambita Garabitas), and eastward including the Peninsula de Samana and the extreme eastern end of the island (Punta Cana; Boca de Yuma). Altitudinal distribution from sea level at many locali- ties to 3000 feet (11.1 km W jayaco), but reported from Pico Diego de Ocampo (4122 feet) and about 3112 feet at the type-locality.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS FOWLER* Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus fowled Schwartz, 1973, J. Herpetol. 7(3):255. Type-locality:
1.5 mi. (2.4 km) N Los Arroyos, 4300 feet, Pedernales Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: USNM 189255.
Distribution. Hispaniola; known from the vicinity of Los Arroyos, and from 4.8 mi. SW Seguin, Dept, de I'Ouest, Haiti. Altitudinal distribution from 3450 feet to 4300 feet.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS FURCYENSIS Shreve and Williams
Eleutherodactylus furcyensis Shreve and Williams, 1963, Bull. Mus. Comp.
Zool. 129(5):329. Type-locality: Furcy, Departement de I’Ouest, Haiti.
Holotype: MCZ 34307.
Distribution. Hispaniola; in Haiti known from the Montagne Noire (type-locality Obleon), the Morne la Visite, Savane Mouton, and the Massif de la Selle (3.8 mi. 5.4 mi. SW Seguin) and in this range in the Republica Dominicana between Pedernales and El Aguacate, but apparently absent from northern slopes in the latter region. Altitudinal distribution from 2650 feet (30 km N Pedernales) to 5800 feet (5 km NE Los Arroyos), both in the Republica Dominicana.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS FUSCUS Lynn and Dent
Eleutherodactylus fuscus Lynn and Dent, 1943, Copeia (4):235. Type-locality: Dolphin Head, Westmoreland Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: USNM 115976.
Distribution. Western Jamaica; known from restricted inland portions of Hanover, Westmoreland, St. James, and St. Elizabeth parishes. Altitudinal distribution from 400 feet (Medley) to 2250 feet (Mocho).
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS GLANDULIFER Cochran
Eleutherodactylus glandulifer Cochran, 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40(6) :367. Type-locality: North and east foothills of the Massif de la Hotte (=Pic Macaya), between 1000 feet and 4000 feet, De'partement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype:
MCZ 19851.
Distribution. Hispaniola; Haiti, known from the vicinity of the type-locality and south of Castillon. Altitudinal distribution from 1000 feet to 4000 feet.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS GLANDULSFEROIDES Sh reve
Eleutherodactylus glanduliferoides Shreve, 1936, Proc. New England Zool.
Club 15:96. Type-locality: Near La Visite, Massif de la Selle, 5000 feet to 7000 feet, Departement de POuest, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 21597.
Distribution. Known only from the vicinity of the type-locality.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS GLAPHYCOMPUS Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus glaphycompus Schwartz, 1973, J. Herpetol. 7(3):257. Type- locality: Castillon, ca. 2500 feet, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: CM 54092.
Distribution. Known only from the region of the type-locality. Altitudinal distribution from 2500 feet to 3900 feet.
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ELEUTHERODACTYLUS COSSEI Dunn
Eleutherodactylus gossei Dunn, 1926, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 38:121. Type- locality: Spaldings, Clarendon Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 11125.
(1) Eleutherodactylus gossei gossei Dunn
Eleutherodactylus gossei gossei: Schwartz and Fowler, 1973, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 43(142):91.
Distribution. Widespread in Jamaica except for the western end of the island (most of Hanover and Westmoreland parishes), the south-central coastal region, and the eastern third of Portland Parish. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to over 5000 feet (Cinchona and Morce's Gap).
(2) Eleutherodactylus gossei oligaulax Schwartz and Fowler Eleutherodactylus gossei oligaulax Schwartz and Fowler, 1973, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 43(142):95. Type-locality: 3.5 mi. (5.6 km) S Fair Prospect, Portland Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 43321.
Distribution. Extreme eastern Jamaica on northern slopes of the John Crow Mountains, in the valley between this range and the Blue Mountains, and onto northern slopes of the Blue Mountains (all in Portland Parish). Alti- tudinal distribtuion from sea level (Boston Bay) to 1000 feet (Durham).
REMARKS. Schwartz and Eowler (op. cit.) regarded all coastal E. gossei from eastern Portland Parish (with the possible exception of a sample from 1.0 mi. E Boston Bay) as intergradient between E. g. gossei and E. g. o//gau/ax. Pure E. g. oligaulax occurs in the interior and its range is almost entirely surrounded by that of E. g. gossei.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS GRABHAMI Dunn
Eleutherodactylus grabhami Dunn, 1926, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 38:121. Type-locality: Spaldings, Clarendon Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 11127.
Distribution. Widespread in western Jamaica, although not known from St. Elizabeth Parish; east of Trelawny and Manchester parishes known only from Mt. Diablo in eastern St. Ann Parish. Altitudinal distribution from 500 feet (Dolphin Head vicinity) to 2200 feet (Cambridge).
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS GREYI Dunn
Eleutherodactylus greyi Dunn, 1926, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 5:213. Type- locality: Soledad, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 11131.
Distribution. Central Cuba; Las Villas Province (Sierra de Trinidad and the re- gion around San Jose del Lago) and Camaguey Province (Sierra de Cubitas).
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS GRYLLUS Schmidt
Eleutherodactylus gryllus Schmidt, 1920, Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 28:172.
Type-locality: El Yunque, near the Eorester’s Cabin, about 1300 feet altitude, Bosque Experimental de Luquillo, Puerto Rico. Holotype: AMNH 10307.
Distribution. Puerto Rico; known from a few, scattered, principally upland localities from Maricao in the west to the region of the type-locality in the east. Altitudinal distribution from about 1000 feet (ca. 2 mi. SW Sabana) to 3900 feet (10.3 km E La Pica).
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ELEUTHERODACTYLUS GUNDLACHI Schmidt
Eleutherodactylus plicatus Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2) :244. Pre- occupied by Hylodes plicatus Gunther, 1901, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Batr. :228 {=Eleutherodactylus rhodopis Cope). Type-locality: La Union, Monte Lfbano, Guantanamo, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 3056.
Eleutherodactylus gundlachi Schmidt, 1920, Proc. Linnaean Soc. New York 33:3 (substitute name for E. plicatus Barbour).
Distribution. Cuba; uplands of the Sierra Maestra (Pico Turquino), Sierra del Cobre, Sierra de la Gran Piedra, east to the mountains north of Imias, Oriente Province.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS HAITIANUS Barbour
Eleutherodactylus intermedius Cochran, 1941, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus. (177) :70. Preoccupied by Eleutherodactylus intermedius Barbour and Shreve, 1937,
Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 80(9):384. Type-locality: Loma Rucilla, Cordillera Central, 8000 feet to 10000 feet. La Vega Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: USNM 107566.
Eleutherodactylus haitianus Barbour, 1942, Copeia (3):179 (substitute name for E. intermedius Cochran).
Distribution. Hispaniola; the Cordillera Central in the Republica Dominicana, from the type-locality and La Comparticion on the north to 6.5 mi. NW La Horma in the south, in La Vega, extreme northeastern San Juan, and extreme northwestern Peravia provinces. Altitudinal distribution from 5100 feet (18 km SE Constanza) to 8100 feet (La Nevera, 12 km SE Valle Nuevo; south slope, Loma Rucilla), but perhaps higher at the type-locality or on adjacent Pico Duarte.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS HEDRICKI Rivero
Eleutherodactylus hedricki Rivero, 1963, Breviora (185) :2. Type-locality: El Verde, west flank of El Yunque, 1500 feet, Bosque Experimental de Luquillo, Puerto Rico. Holotype: MCZ 36903.
Distribution. Known from the Reserva Forestal de Toro Negro and the vicin- ity of the type-locality. Altitudinal distribution 1500 feet (El Verde) to 3800 feet (9.7 km ENE La Pica, Reserva Forestal de Toro Negro).
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS HEMINOTA Shreve and Williams
Eleutherodactylus bakeri heminota Shreve and Williams, 1963, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 129(5):325. Type-locality: Furcy, Departement de POuest, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 31734.
Eleutherodactylus heminota: Schwartz, 1965, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 78:167.
Distribution. Hispaniola; the Tiburon Peninsula in Haiti (Les Cayes, Les Platons, Marfranc, Castillon, Paillant) east to the vicinity of the type- locality on the Montagne Noire and to 5.4 - 8.4 mi. SW Seguin on the Massif de la Selle; one record from the extreme eastern Sierra de Baoruco (24 km SW Barahona, Barahona Province, Republica Dominicana). Altitudinal dis- tribution from sea level (Les Cayes) to 5600 feet (Furcy).
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS HYPOSTENOR Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus hypostenor Schwartz, 1965, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool.
132(^:498. Type-locality: 10.5 mi. S Cabral, 3500 feet, Barahona Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 43187.
Distribution. Hispaniola; including the Tiburon Peninsula in Haiti and the Sierra de Baoruco in the Republica Dominicana; in Haiti, known from the Mas- sif de la Hotte north of Les Cayes and Castillon; in the Republica Dominicana, from the Massif de la Selle (2.6 mi. S Los Arroyos and 7 km N Cabeza de Agua, Pedernales Province), and the eastern Sierra de Baoruco near the type-locality and Las Auyamas; a voice record from 25.5 km N Cabo Rojo, Pedernales Prov- ince. Altitudinal distribution from 2200 feet (7 km N Cabeza de Agua) to 3500 feet (type-locality). Records of this species are extremely scattered due to its burrowing habits. Presumably the species is more widely distributed, both geographically and altitudinally, than records indicate.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS INOPTATUS Barbour
Leptodactylus inoptatus Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2) ;252. Type- locality; Diquini, Departement de I'Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 3087. Eleutherodactylus inoptatus: Schmidt, 1921, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 44(2):9.
Distribution. Hispaniola; islandwide but unreported from large areas in Haiti and the Republica Dominicana; lie de la Tortue. Altitudinal distribution from sea level (many localities) to 5600 feet (Furcy).
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS INTERMEDIUS Barbour and Shreve
Eleutherodactylus intermedius Barbour and Shreve, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp.
Zool. 80(9):384. Type-locality: Near Cueva del Aura, Pico Turquino, 1500 feet to 4000 feet, Oriente Province, Cuba. Eiolotype: MCZ 21965.
Distribution. Cuba; known from Pico Turquino and the type-locality in the Sierra Maestra, the Sierra del Cobre, and the mountains north of Imias, all in Oriente Province. Altitudinal distribution from about 1500 feet to about 6000 feet.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS JAMAICENSIS Barbour
Eleutherodactylus jamaicensis Barbour, 1910, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 52(15):287. Type-locality: Mandeville, Manchester Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 2512.
Distribution. Jamaica; widespread in interior localities. Altitudinal distribu- tion from 400 feet (Windsor) to 4250 feet (Hardwar Gap).
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS JOHNSTONEI Barbour
Eleutherodactylus johnstonei Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2) :249. Type-locality: St. George's, St. George Parish, Grenada. Holotype: MCZ 2759.
Distribution. St. -Martin, Saba, St. Eustatius, St. Christopher, Nevis, Barbuda, Antigua, Montserrat, Martinique, St. Lucia, St. Vincent, Barbados, Grenada; introduced on Jamaica.
REMARKS. Both prior to and subsequent to the description of E. johnstonei, the name Eleutherodactylus martinicensis Tschudi has been applied to the populations of frogs now called E. johnstonei. Schwartz (1967, Stud. Eauna Curacao and Caribbean Is. 24(91):18-20) discussed the nomen- clatorial history of this species.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS JUGANS Cochran
Leptodactylus darlingtoni Cochran, 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40(6);372. Type-locality: Near La Visite, Massif de la Selle, between 5000 feet and 7000 feet, Departement de I’Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 19852. Eleutherodactylus jugans Cochran, 1937, J. Washington Acad. Sci. 27(7):312. Substitute name for Leptodactylus (=Eleutherodactylus) darlingtoni Cochran (not E. darlingtoni Cochran, 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40(6):368).
Distribution. Hispaniola; known from the type-locality in the Massif de la Selle in Haiti and from the same range in the Republica Dominicana along the Dominico-Haitian border between Los Arroyos and 2 km S El Aguacate, Pedernales Province. Altitudinal distribution from 4100 feet to 7000 feet.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS jUNORI Dunn
Eleutherodactylus junori Dunn, 1926, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 38:120. Type- locality: Spaldings, Clarendon Parish, Jamaica. Eiolotype: MCZ 11124.
Distribution. Jamaica; known only from three central localities: near Troy in southern Trelawny Parish, the type-locality, and near Kellits in Clarendon Parish. Calls possibly of this species have been heard at Mt. Diablo, St. Ann Parish. Altitudinal distribution from 2000 feet (near Troy) to 2750 feet at Spaldings.
REMARKS. Schwartz and Fowler (1973, Stud. Fauna Curacao and Caribbean Is. 43(142):101) noted that specimens of this species, and hence locality records, might be lost in series of E. gossei; without knowledge of call and habitat the two are not readily distinguishable.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS KARLSCHMIDTI Grant
Eleutherodactylus karlschmidti Grant, 1931, Copeia (1):55. Type-locality: Bosque Experimental de Luquillo, Puerto Rico. Holotype: UMMZ 73426.
Distribution. Puerto Rico; principally upland localities from Las Vegas near Maricao in the west to the region of the type-locality in the east, south to the area between San Lorenzo and Patillas. Altitudinal distribution 600 feet (between San Lorenzo and Patillas) to 2080 feet (Bosque de Guavate, 8 km SE Las Cruces), and probably higher.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS KLINIKOWSKII Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus klinikowskii Schwartz, 1959, Herpetologica 15(2) :62. Type- locality: Mogote de Tumbadero, 1 km E Vinales, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 63120.
Distribution. Western Cuba, in the Sierra de los Organos and the Sierra del Rosario, between Guane and San Diego de los Banos.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS LAMPROTES Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus lamprotes Schwartz, 1973, J. Herpetol. 7(3):253. Type-locality: Ca. 2.5 km S Castillon, 3300 feet (1007 meters), Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: CM 54091.
Distribution. Known only from the type-locality.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS LEBERI Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus leberi Schwartz, 1965, Herpetologica 21(1):27. Type-locality:
14.6 mi. WSW Maffo, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 71968.
Distribution: Known only from the type-locality in the northern foothills of the Sierra Maestra.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS LENTUS Cope
Hylodes lentus Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:151. Type- locality: St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands. Syntypes: ANSP 2770-71.
Hylodes riisei Reinhardt and Lutken, 1863, Vidensk. Med. naturhist. Foren.
K^benhavn 1862:211. Type-locality: St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands. Syntypes: UZM R. 1175-76, R.1185-86, R.11100-103.
Eleutherodactylus lentus: Stejneger, 1904, Rept. U.S. Natl. Mus. for 1902: 595.
Distribution. The Virgin Islands; known from St. Thomas, St. John, and St.
Croix.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS LEONCEl Shreve and Williams
Eleutherodactylus leoncei Shreve and Williams, 1963, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 129(5):335. Type-locality: Foret des Pins, near Pic La Selle, Departement de I'Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: YPM 1167.
Distribution. Hispaniola; known from the Massif de la Selle in Haiti (type- locality) and in the Republica Dominicana (between Los Arroyos and El Aguacate); one record from the Sierra de Baoruco (Las Abejas, 7 mi. NW Aceitillar) in the latter country. Altitudinal distribution from 4000 feet (Las Abejas) to 7600 feet (12 km NE Los Arroyos).
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS LOCUSTUS Schmidt
Eleutherodactylus locustus Schmidt, 1920, Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 28:174. Type-locality: El Yunque, near the forester's Cabin, about 1300 feet altitude, Bosque Experimental de Luquillo, Puerto Rico, h^olotype: AMNH 10240.
Eleutherodactylus cramptoni Schmidt, 1920, Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 28:176. Type-locality: Peak of El Yunque, 3485 feet altitude, Bosque Experimental de Luquillo, Puerto Rico. Holotype: AMNH 10305.
Distribution. Known from widely scattered localities in eastern Puerto Rico, from the Area Recreo Dona juana east to the Reserva Forestal Carite (Bosque de Guavate) and the El Yunque region.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS LUTEOLUS Gosse
Litoria luteola Gosse, 1851, Naturalist's sojourn in Jamaica: 366-367. Type- locality: Content, Westmoreland Parish, Jamaica. Syntypes: BMNH 47.12.27.80.
Eleutherodactylus lewisi Lynn and Dent, 1942, Herpetologica 2(4) :72. Type-
locality: Dolphin Head, Westmoreland Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: USNM 115435. Eleutherodactylus luteolus: Barbour, 1910, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 52(1 5): 286-87.
Distribution. Known from numerous localities in western Jamaica (Hanover, Westmoreland, and St. James parishes), from near Troy, Manchester Parish, and questionably from near Ewarton, St. Catherine Parish. Altitudinal, dis- tribution from sea level (Old Hope and Negril Point, Westmoreland Parish) to 2250 feet (west of Mocho, St. James Parish).
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ELEUTHERODACTYLUS MARTINICENSIS Tschudi
Hylodes martinicensis Tschudi, 1838, Class. Batr.:77. Type-locality: Martinique (apparently in error). Schwartz, 1967, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 24(91);34-35, has shown that the provenance of the syntypes is probably Guadeloupe. Syntypes: MNHN 4881-83, 4883A-C.
Eleutherodactylus martinicensis: Stejneger, 1904, Rept. U.S. Natl. Mus. for 1902:584.
Distribution. Antigua, Guadeloupe (and Met a Kahouanne and llet a Cochons), La Desirade, lies des Saintes (Terre-de-Bas, Terre-de-Haut, and Mare Basse), Dominica, and Martinique.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS MINUTUS Noble
Eleutherodactylus minutus Noble, 1923, Amer. Mus. Novitates (61):4. Type- locality: Near Paso Bajito, Jarabacoa-Constanza Trail, La Vega Province, Republica Dominicana. hlolotype: AMNH 11404.
Distribution. Hispaniola; the Cordillera Central in the Republica Dominicana from Paso Bajito in the north, 7.0 mi. W jayaco in the east,
6.5 mi. NW La Horma in the south, ^nd Loma Rucilla in the west, in La Vega, Peravia, and extreme northeastern San Juan provinces. Altitudinal distribution from 2900 feet (7.0 mi. W jayaco) to 6100 feet (12.6 mi. SE Constanza). Loma Rucilla reaches a height of slightly over 10,000 feet and specimens from that mountain are labeled as having been collected between 4000 and 7000 feet, higher than more recent records.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS MONENSIS Meerwarth
Hylodes monensis Meerwarch, 1901, Mitt, naturhist. Mus. Hamburg 18:39. Type- locality: Isla Mona. Holotype: Destroyed; formerly in HZM.
Eleutherodactylus monensis: Stejneger, 1904, Rept. U.S. Natl. Mus. for 1902:595.
Distribution. Isla Mona.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS MONTANUS Schmidt
Eleutherodactylus montanus Schmidt, 1919, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist.
41(12):519. Type-locality: Mountainous interior of Azua Province, Republica Dominicana; restricted by Schwartz, 1965, Caribbean j. Sci. 4(4):478, to Alto Bandera, La Vega Province, Repdblica Dominicana. Holotype: AMNH 6434.
Distribution. Hispaniola; the Cordillera Central in the Republica Dominicana, from Loma Rucilla and La Comparticion in the north, south to 6.5 mi. NW La Horma, in La Vega, San juan, and extreme northern Peravia provinces; extremely abundant at higher elevations between Constanza and La Nevera. Altitudinal distribution from 4500 feet (12 km SE Constanza) to 8000 feet (11 km SE Valle Nuevo); probably occurring at higher elevations at the restrict- ed type-locality.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS NEODREPTUS Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus neodreptus Schwartz, 1965, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 78:165. Type-locality: 24 km SW Barahona, 3700 feet, Barahona Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 43207.
Distribution. Known only from the type-locality.
29
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS NUBICOLA Dunn
Eleutherodactylus nubicola Dunn, 1926, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 38:116. Type- locality: Cinchona, 5000 feet elevation, St. Andrew Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 2846.
Distribution. Jamaica; high elevations of the Blue Mountains in the conter- minous parts of Portland, St. Thomas, and St. Andrew parishes. Altitudinal distribution 3500 feet to 6200 feet (Blue Mountain Trail), but apparently absent from the extreme elevations of the range (above 6200 feet).
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS ORCUTTl Dunn
Eleutherodactylus orcutti Dunn, 1928, Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus. 74:1. Type-locality: Arntully, St. Thomas Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: USNM 73866. Eleutherodactylus cunctator Dunn, 1928, Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus. 74:2. Type- locality: Arntully, St. Thomas Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: USNM 73865.
Distribution. Eastern Jamaica; inland portions of Portland, St. Andrew, and St. Thomas parishes at elevations of 750 feet (south of Seaman’s Valley) to 4000 feet (Hardwar Gap).
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS OXYRHYNCHUS Dumeril and Bibron
Hylodes oxyrhyncus Dume'^ril and Bibron, 1841, Erp. Gen. 8:622. Type-locality: unknown. Holotype: MNHN 753.
Eleutherodactylus oxyrhynchus: Guibe, 1948, Cat. Types Amphibiens Mus.
Nat. Paris: 29.
Eleutherodactylus femur-levis Cochran, 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40(6):371. Type-locality: Desbarriere, north and east foothills. Massif de la Hotte, about 4000 feet altitude, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype:
MCZ 19836.
Distribution. Hispaniola; the Massif de la Hotte (vicinity of Castillon; Desbarriere) and the Massif de la Selle (5.4 mi. SW Seguin) in Haiti. Altitudinal distribution from 2500 feet to 4000 feet.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS PANTONI Dunn
Eleutherodactylus pantoni Dunn, 1926, Proc. Boston. Soc. Nat. Hist. 38:119. Type-locality: Spaldings, Clarendon Parish, Jamaica (altitude 2900 feet). Holotype: MCZ 11123.
(1) Eleutherodactylus pantoni pantoni Dunn
Eleutherodactylus pantoni pantoni: Schwartz and Fowler, 1973, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 43(142):106.
Distribution. Along the central axis of Jamaica from Beeston Spring and Darlis- ton, Westmoreland Parish, east through Manchester, Clarendon, St. Catherine, and St. Andrew parishes; specimens from Bath, St. Thomas Parish may pertain to this subspecies. Altitudinal distribution from sea level at Kingston (possibly in error) to 5400 feet (Portland Gap area).
(2) Eleutherodactylus pantoni amiantus Schwartz and Fowler Eleutherodactylus pantoni amiantus Schwartz and Fowler, 1973, Stud. Fauna Curacao and Caribbean Is. 43(142):109. Type-locality: 0.4 mi. (0.6 km) NE Mt. Horeb, 800 feet (244 m), St. James Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 43360.
Distribution. Western Jamaica in Hanover and northern Westmoreland parishes, and throughout St. James Parish; intergrades with E. p. pantoni in the southern half of Trelawny Parish and in extreme northern Clarendon and extreme southwestern St. Ann parishes. Altitudinal distribution 400 feet (NW Moreland Hill) to 1000 feet (1.3 mi. S Mt. Horeb).
(3) Eleutherodactylus pantoni pentasyringos Schwartz and Fowler
Eleutherodactylus pantoni pentasyringos Schwartz and Fowler, 1973, Stud. Fau Curasao and Caribbean Is. 43(142);114. Type-locality: 4.5 mi. (7.2 km) S Fair Prospect, Portland Parish, Jamaica. Eiolotype: MCZ 43333.
Distribution. Known only from Portland Parish to the north of the Blue Mountains and John Crow Mountains, although the species certainly occurs throughout the John Crow Mountains. Altitudinal distribution from sea level (Port Antonio) to about 1100 feet but likely occurs at higher elevations in the Blue Mountains.
REMARKS. Schwartz and Fowler (1973, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 43(142):118) suggested that pentasyringos may be a distinct species.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS PARABATES Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus parabates Schwartz, 1964, Breviora (208) :9. Type-locality: 20 km SW Hondo Valle, 5950 feet (1800 meters), Independencia Province, Repdblica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 43202.
Distribution. Hispaniola; Republica Dominicana, known only from the Sierra de Neiba along the Dominico-Haitian border between Puesto Calimete and the type-locality. Altitudinal distribution from 5000 feet to 5950 feet.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS PATRrCIAE Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus partriciae Schwartz, 1965, Caribbean J. Sci. 4(4):474. Type- locality: 9 km NNW Valle Nuevo, above 8000 feet, on the side of Alto Bandera, La Vega Province, Repfjblica Dominicana. hlolotype: MCZ 43192.
Distribution. Hispaniola; the Cordillera Central in the Repdblica Dominicana, from Loma Rucilla and La Comparticion in the north, and between Constanza and the La Vega-Peravia province boundary, the two areas of occurrence not known to be continuous. Probably widely distributed at appropriate elevations in the pine-clad uplands of the Cordillera Central in San Juan, La Vega, and Peravia provinces. Altitudinal distribution 7000 feet to 8200 feet, where often extremely abundant.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS PAULSONI Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus paulsoni Schwartz, 1964, Breviora (208) :5. Type-locality: 4.5 mi. (7.2 km) NW Les Cayes, Departementdu Sud, Haiti. Eiolotype: MCZ 43200.
Distribution. Hispaniola; the Tiburon Peninsula in Haiti, from Dame-Marie in the west, east to Petionville in the north and 10.1 mi. N Jacmel in the south, occurring in both the lowlands and the Massif de la Hotte (Castillon, Les Platons) and the Morne THopital (Petionville). Altitudinal distribution from sea level (northwest of Les Cayes) to 2475 feet (Les Platons).
31
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS PEZOPETRUS Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus pezopetrus Schwartz, 1960, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (11):37. Type-locality: La Cantera, Miranda, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 63469.
Distribution. Known only from the type-locality.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS PICTISSJMUS Cochran
Eleutherodactylus pictissimus Cochran, 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40(6):371. Type-locality: Tardieu, Massif de la Hotte, about 3000 feet, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 19846.
(1) Eleutherodactylus pictissimus pictissimus Cochran Eleutherodactylus pictissimus pictissimus: Schwartz, 1965, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 22(86):105.
Distribution. Hispaniola; the Tiburon Peninsula in Haiti, from Jere'mie and Moron in the north and Les Platons and Les Cayes in the south, east (in the north) to Grand Go'^ve and Fauche and (in the south) to the southern slopes of the Sierra de Baoruco (above Cabo Rojo); lle-a-Vache; intergrades be- tween E. p. pictissimus and E. p. apantheatus occur along the northern coast (and inland to Furcy) of the Tiburon Peninsula in Haiti between ^a Ira and Dufort on one hand and Petionville and Port-au-Prince on the other, and along the extreme southeastern edge of the Sierra de Baoruco near Enriquillo and Caleton, Republica Dominicana. Altitudinal distribution from sea level (many localities) to 3000 feet at the type-locality, and to 1700 feet in the Sierra de Baoruco (northeast of Cabo Rojo); intergradient specimens from Furcy at 5800 feet in the Montagne Noire.
(2) Eleutherodactylus pictissimus apantheatus Schwartz Eleutherodactylus pictissimus apantheatus Schwartz, 1965, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 22(86):102. Type-locality: 6.5 mi. NE Jimani, Independencia Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 43195.
Distribution. Republica Dominicana; the Valle de Neiba from jimani east to the vicinity of Barahona, south along the eastern coast of the Peninsula de Barahona to Parafso, and northeast to Eondo Negro; presumably also in the Haitian Cul de Sac Plain. Altitudinal distribution from sea level (localities ties along the east coast of the Penmsula de Barahona) or below (in the Valle de Neiba at jimanf and Duverge) to 1800 feet near Barahona.
(3) Eleutherodactylus pictissimus eremus Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus pictissimus eremus Schwartz, 1965, Stud. Eauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 22(86):107. Type-locality: 9.7 mi. E Azua, Azua Province, Repdblica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 43196.
Distribution. Repdblica Dominicana in the xeric Llanos de Azua, Azua and Peravia provinces, from the type-locality east to south of Banc Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 700 feet in the Sierra de Ocoa.
REMARKS. E. pictissimus is also known from 19 km SE Martm Garcia,
Santiago Rodriguez Province, Repdblica Dominicana.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS PJNARENSIS Dunn
Eleutherodactylus pinarensis Dunn, 1926, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 5:213. Type-locality: Isla de Pinos; restricted by Schwartz, 1959,
Herpetologica 15(2) :61, to Los Indios, Isla de Pinos. Holotype: MCZ 3814.
Distribution. Cuba; from north-central Habana Province (Cueva de Rincon de Guanabo) to northwestern Matanzas Province (Pan de Matanzas); two isolated records from the extreme western Penmsula de Guanahacabibes (Valle de San juan; Cueva de Bolondron); Isla de Pinos.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS PINCHONi Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus pinchoni Schwartz, 1967, Stud. Fauna Curacao and Caribbean Is. 24(91 ):45. Type-locality; 3 km W Grand Cafe^, 600 feet elevation, Guadeloupe. Holotype; MCZ 43231.
Distribution. The Basse-Terre portion of Guadeloupe at elevations between 600 and 2200 feet.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS PITUINUS Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus pituinus Schwartz, 1965, Caribbean J. Sci. 4(4):497. Type- locality: 6 mi. W Constanza, 4250 feet. La Vega Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 43194.
Distribution. Hispaniola; the Cordillera Central in the vicinity of the type- locality and 6.5 mi. NW La Horma, Peravia Province. Altitudinal distribution from 4000 feet to 5400 feet, but apparently not continuously distributed in the Central uplands.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS PLANIROSTRIS Cope
Hylodes planirostris Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:153. Type- locality: New Providence Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: in the "Mus. Salem,"' unlocated.
Lithodytes (^Eleutherodactylus) ricordii: Cope, 1875, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus. (1):31 (part).
(1) Eleutherodactylus planirostris planirostris Cope Eleutherodactylus planirostris planirostris: Schwartz, 1965, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 22(86):100.
Distribution. Cuba, widespread except in the Sierra de los Organos and the Sierra del Rosario in Pinar del Rio Province, and the western and southern slopes of the Sierra de Trinidad, Las Villas Province; Isla de Pinos; Bahama Islands, known from Grand Bahama I., Great Abaco I., Little Abaco I., South Bimini I., and presumably Eleuthera I. (see REMARKS); Cayman Islands (Grand Cayman and Cayman Brae); Caicos Islands (North Caicos); intro- duced in Elorida, including the Elorida Keys; introduced in Jamaica where islandwide; introduced at Veracruz, Mexico; possibly introduced on Great Inagua Island, Bahama Islands.
(2) Eleutherodactylus planirostris casparii Dunn
Eleutherodactylus casparii Dunn, 1926, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 5:215. Type-locality: Mina Carlota, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype:
MCZ 11130.
Eleutherodactylus planirostris casparii: Schwartz, 1965, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 22(86):100.
Distribution. Cuba; western and southern slopes of the Sierra de Trinidad, Las Villas Province.
(3) Eleutherodactylus planirostris goini Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus ricordi goini Schwartz, 1960, Reading Public Mus. and
33
Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (11):19. Type-locality: South base of Pan de Guajaibon, 3 km W and 13.5 km S Las Pozas, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 63212.
Eleutherodactylus planirostris goini: Schwartz, 1965, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 22(86):100.
Distribution. Cuba; the Sierra de los Organos and Sierra del Rosario, Pinar del Rio Province. Intergradation between E. p. planirostris and E. p. goini is suggested by specimens from the Alturas de Pizarras.
(4) Eleutherodactylus planirostris rogersi Coin
Eleutherodactylus ricordi rogersi Coin, 1955, Amer. Mus. Novitates (1708):1. Type-locality: Darby Island, Exuma Cays, Bahama islands, latitude 23° 50' S., longitude 76° 11' W. Holotype: AMNH 57564.
Eleutherodactylus planirostris rogersi: Schwartz, 1965, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 22(86):100.
Distribution. Rahama Islands; Exuma Cays (Darby I., Bell I., Compass Cay, Staniel Cay, Great Exuma I., Little Exuma I.), Berry Islands (Great Harbour Cay), Andros I., Cat I., Long I., San Salvador I., and Green Cay.
REMARKS. The subspecific status of the population of E. planirostris on Eleuthera Island remains unclear. Whether casparii should be regarded as a subspecies of E. planirostris is uncertain. The Sierra de Trinidad, except for the limited range ascribed to casparii, is inhabited by the nominate subspecies and syntopy is unknown.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS POOLEI Cochran
Eleutherodactylus poolei Cochran, 1938, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 51:93. Type-locality: Citadel of King Christophe (=Citadelle Laferriere), Departement du Nord, Haiti. Holotype: USNM 73999.
Distribution. Known only from the type-locality.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS PORTORICENSIS Schmidt
Eleutherodactylus portoricensis Schmidt, 1927, Amer. Mus. Novitates (279) :2. Type-locality: El Yunque, 2000 feet, Bosque Experimental de Luquillo, Puerto Rico. Holotype: AMNH 10249.
Distribution. Forested uplands of Puerto Rico, from the Reserva Forestal de Maricao in the west to the region of the type-locality in the east. Altitudinal distribution from 900 feet (2 mi. SW Sabana) to ca. 3900 feet (10.3 km E La Pica).
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS PROBOLAEUS Schwartz, new combination
Eleutherodactylus pictissimus probolaeus Schwartz, 1965, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 22(86):110. Type-locality: 0.5 mi. NW Boca de Yuma, La Altagracia Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 43197.
Distribution. Known only from the vicinity of the type-locality.
REMARKS. Although described as a subspecies of E. pictissimus, E. probolaeus has a peculiarly circumscribed distribution remote from the nearest locality record for the former species. In addition, E. probolaeus is vocal whereas E. pictissimus is not and the two taxa differ in proportions.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS RAMOSI R ivero
Eleutherodactylus ramosi Rivero, 1959, Breviora (103) :2. Type-locality: Bosque Estatal de Cambalache, northern Puerto Rico. Holotype: MCZ 30428.
Distribution. Known only from the type-locality.
REMARKS. Some doubt exists that E. ramosi is a valid species; it is known only from the holotype.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS RiCHMONDI Stejneger
Eleutherodactylus richmondi Stejneger, 1904, Rept. U.S. Natl. Mus. for 1902:593. Type-locality: Catalina Plantation, about 890 feet altitude, eastern slope of El Yunque, Bosque Experimental de Luquillo, Puerto Rico. Eiolotype: AMNH 26884.
Distribution. Puerto Rico; known from scattered principally interior localities over most of the island, from 11.7 km W Sabana Grande in the west to the El Yunque region in the east, in the northwest the Cordillera jaicoa and the MontarYas Guarionex; apparently absent from much of the northern and south- ern coastal plains. Altitudinal distribution from 800 feet (7.0 km S Mora) to 3500-3800 feet (30 km N, 3.1 km E Ponce).
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS RICORDI Dumeril and Bibron
Hylodes ricordii Dumeril and Bibron, 1841, frp. Gen. 8:623. Type-locality: Cuba; restricted by Schmidt, 1953, Check List North Amer. Amph. and Rept. :236, to Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: MNHN 754.
Eleutherodactylus ricordii: Barbour, 1910, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 23:100.
Distribution. Cuba; southern Oriente Province, from west-southwest of Maffo in the Sierra Maestra to the upper Rm Ovando in the Cuchillas de Toa, at moderate to high elevations (Pico Turquino) in these ranges and the Sierra de la Gran Piedra.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS RONALDI Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus ronaldi Schwartz, 1960, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (11):14. Type-locality: La Esperancita (=La Isabelica), 3500 feet.
Gran Piedra, 1.9 mi. SE, thence 10 mi. NE Sevilla, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 63401.
Distribution. Cuba; extreme eastern Oriente Province, from Dos Caminos in the southwest to the Bahia de Taco in the northeast. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 3500 feet.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS RUFIFEMORALIS Noble and Hassler
Eleutherodactylus rufifemoralis Noble and Hassler, 1933, Amer. Mus. Novitates (652) :4. Type-locality: Above 'Salvation Station’ on property of Luis E. Dei Monte, 3000 feet, near Barahona, Barahona Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: AMNH 44556.
Distribution. Hispaniola; the extreme eastern portion of the Sierra de Baoruco, Republica Dominicana; known only from the type-locality and 24 km SW Barahona. Altitudinal distribution 2400 feet to 3700 feet.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS RUTHAE Noble
Eleutherodactylus ruthae Noble, 1923, Amer. Mus. Novitates (61) :6. Type-
locality: Samana^, Samana^Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: AMNH 11406.
(1) Eleutherodactylus ruthae ruthae Noble
Eleutherodactylus ruthae ruthae: Schwartz, 1965, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 132(6);484.
Distribution. Hispaniola; eastern Republica Dominicana, including the Peninsula de Samana, the southern shore of the Bahia de Samana (Miches), south into La Altagracia Province (Otra Banda; Punta Cana; Boca de Yuma). Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 350 feet (Otra Banda).
(2) Eleutherodactylus ruthae aporostegus Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus ruthae aporostegus Schwartz, 1965, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 132(6) :487. Type-locality: Camp Perrin, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype MCZ 43186.
Distribution. Hispaniola; Haiti, known from the type-locality, Les Anglais,
Les Platons in the west, 6.7 mi. SW Jacmel in the south, and 6 mi. W Petionville and Boutilliers Road on the Morne I’Hopital in the east. Alti- tudinal distribution between sea level (Les Anglais) and 2900 feet (Boutilliers).
(3) Eleutherodactylus ruthae bothroboans Schwartz Eleutherodactylus ruthae bothroboans Schwartz, 1965, Bull. Mus. Comp.
Zool. 132(6):494. Type-locality: 12 km NE Jarabacoa, 2100 feet. La Vega Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 43189.
Distribution. Hispaniola; Republica Dominicana, known from the type- locality and just north of jarabacoa, on the northern slopes of the Cordillera Central.
(4) Eleutherodactylus ruthae tychathrous Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus ruthae tychathrous Schwartz, 1965, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 132(6):491. Type-locality: 7 km NW Vallejuelo, 2600 feet, San Juan Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 43188.
Distribution. Known only from the type-locality.
REMARKS. E. ruthae has also been heard calling in the vicinity of Sosda,
Puerto Plata Province, Republica Dominicana, but remains uncollected in that region.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS SCHMIDTI Noble
Eleutherodactylus schmidti Noble, 1923, Amer. Mus. Novitates (61):5. Type- locality: Along stream bed, Los Bracitos, Duarte Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: AMNH 11405.
(1) Eleutherodactylus schmidti schmidti Noble
Eleutherodactylus schmidti schmidti: Cochran, 1941, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus.
(177) :54.
Distribution. Hispaniola; Repdblica Dominicana, the Cordillera Septentrional between Pico Diego de Ocampo and the type-locality; in the Cordillera Central, from Moncion, Rio Bao, Los Limones, between La Vega and El Rio,
36
and to the south and east of the latter locality (but not in the Valle de Constanza), on the southeastern slopes (T5.7 km SW Piedra Blanca), Also known from the region along the Dominico-Haitian border between Loma de Cabrera and Villa Anacaona, presumably extending into the Massif du Nord in Haiti. Altitudinal distribution from about 300 feet (south of La Vega) to 4500 feet (east of Paso Bajito).
(2) Eleutherodactylus schmidti limbensis Lynn
Eleutherodactylus schmidti limbensis Lynn, 1958, Herpetologica 14(3) :155. Type-locality: On moist bank at the source of a small tributary of the Riviere du Limbe about 1.5 mi. S of the Limbe-Cap-HaTtien road where it skirts the Baie de PAcul and about 3 mi. SW (=SE?) Limbe, Departement du Nord, Haiti. Eiolotype: USNM 140166.
Distribution. Northern Haiti, from the type-locality southeast to Marmelade and south to Dondon. Altitudinal distribution from near sea level (type- locality) to ca. 3400 feet (2:2 mi. E Carrefour Marmelade).
(3) Eleutherodactylus schmidti rucillensis Cochran Eleutherodactylus schmidti rucillensis Cochran, 1939, Proc. New England Zool. Club 18:3. Type-locality: Loma Rucilla and mountains north, 4000 feet to 7000 feet, Republica Dominicana. Eiolotype: MCZ 23300.
Distribution. Republica Dominicana; the Cordillera Central from Loma Rucilla in the north, south to the Valle de Constanza and southeast on the Constanza-San Jose de Ocoa road to 19 km SE Constanza; presumed to occur in these same mountains in adjacent San Juan Province. Altitudinal distribution from 4000 feet to at least 5800 feet (the type-locality may be even higher).
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS SCHWARTZI Thomas
Eleutherodactylus schwartzi Thomas, 1966, Quart, j. Florida Acad. Sci. 28(4) :386. Type-locality: Rose Lodge, 750 feet elevation, Tortola, British Virgin Islands. Holotype: MCZ 43228.
Distribution. Tortola, St. John (evidently extinct), and Virgin Gorda in the Virgin Islands.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS SQAGRAPHUS Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus sciagraphus Schwartz, 1973, J. Herpetol. 7(3):259. Type- locality: Ca. 2 km (airline) S Castillon, 3500 feet to 3900 feet, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Eiolotype: USNM 189256.
Distribution. Known only from the vicinity of the type-locality.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS SEMIPALMATUS Sh reve
Eleutherodactylus semipalmatus Shreve, 1936, Proc. New England Zool. Club 15:94. Type-locality: Northern and eastern foothills. Massif de la Hotte,
1000 feet to 4000 feet, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Eiolotype: MCZ 21561.
Distribution. Known from the type-locality and the vicinity of Furcy-Peneau on the Montagne Noire above Petionville. Altitudinal distribution from 1000 feet to 5600 feet.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS SIERRAMAESTRAE Schmidt
Eleutherodactylus sierra-maestrae Schmidt, 1920, Proc. Linnaean Soc. New York 33:3. Type-locality: Sierra Maestra range, Oriente Province, Cuba.
37
Hoiotype: AMNH 6450.
Eleutherodactylus brevipalmatus Schmidt, 1920, Proc. Linnaean Soc. New York 33:4. Type-locality: Sierra Maestra range, Oriente Province, Cuba. Hoiotype: AMNH 6448.
Distribution. Cuba; southern Oriente Province, from south of Bueycito in the Sierra Maestra in the west, throughout the Sierra de la Gran Piedra to Bahia de Taco and Cupeyal in the north. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 3500 feet.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS SYMINGTONI Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus symingtoni Schwartz, 1957, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 70:210. Type-locality: Cueva de Santo Toma's, 10 km N Cabezas, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Hoiotype: AMNH 60801.
Distribution. Cuba; the Sierra de los Organos and Sierra del Rosario, Pinar del Rm Province.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS THOMASI Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus thomasi Schwartz, 1959, Amer. Mus. Novitates (1926):3. Type-locality: 6.5 mi. NW Banao, Paso de la Trinchera, Sierra de Cubitas, Camaguey Province, Cuba. Hoiotype: AMNH 61054.
(1) Eleutherodactylus thomasi thomasi Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus thomasi thomasi Schwartz, 1959, Amer. Mus. Novitates (1926): 4.
Distribution. Cuba; the Sierra de Cubitas and the Sierra de Najasa, Camaguey Province.
(2) Eleutherodactylus thomasi trinidadensis Schwartz Eleutherodactylus thomasi trinidadensis Schwartz, 1959, Amer. Mus. Novitates (1926):11. Type-locality: Finca Morales, 8 mi. NW Trinidad, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Hoiotype: AMNH 61013.
Distribution. Cuba; southern coast of Las Villas Province, adjacent to and in the southern foothills of the Sierra de Trinidad, from Guajimico in the west to Trinidad in the east. Specimens from northeastern Las Villas Province (Yaguajay, Punta Caguanes, Cueva de Manan) are intermediate between thomasi and trinidadensis but much closer to the former.
(3) Eleutherodactylus thomasi zayasi Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus thomasi zayasi Schwartz, 1960, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (11):28. Type-locality: Pan de Matanzas, 2.5 mi. S Corral Nuevo, Matanzas Province, Cuba. Hoiotype: AMNH 63164.
Distribution. Known only from the type-locality
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS TURQUINENSIS Barbour and Shreve
Eleutherodactylus turquinensis Barbour and Shreve, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 80(9):380. Type-locality: Cueva del Aura, Pico Turquino, 1500 feet to 4000 feet, Oriente Province, Cuba. Hoiotype: MCZ 21975.
Distribution. Known only from the type-locality.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS UNICOLOR Stejneger
Eleutherodactylus unicolor Stejneger, 1904, Rept. U.S. Natl. Mus. for 1902:597. Type-locality: Camp on El Yunque at 2978 feet altitude, Bosque Experimen- tal de Euquillo, Puerto Rico, hlolotype: USNM 26963.
Distribution. Known only from the region of the type-locality.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS URICHI Boettger
Hylodes urichi Boettger, 1894, j. Trinidad Eield Nat. Club 2:88. Type-locality: Trinidad. Holotype: SME 3818.
Eleutherodactylus urichi: Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2) :251.
(1) Eleutherodactylus urichi euphronides Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus urichi euphronides Schwartz, 1967, Stud. Eauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 29(91):6. Type-locality: Grand Etang, 1700 feet, St. Andrew Parish, Grenada. Holotype: MCZ 43229.
Distribution. Grenada.
(2) Eleutherodactylus urichi shrevei Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus urichi shrevei Schwartz, 1967, Stud. Eauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 24(91) :13. Type-locality: Eowrt, 1000 feet, St. Andrew Parish,
St. Vincent. Holotype: MCZ 43230.
Distribution. St. Vincent.
REMARKS. E. u. urichi, the only other subspecies, occurs on Trinidad and in Venezuela and the Guianas.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS VARIANS Gundlach and Peters
Hylodes varians Gundlach and Peters, 1864, Monatsb. Akad. wiss. Berlin:390. Type-locality: Cuba. Syntypes: ZMB 5108, MCZ 11621.
(1) Eleutherodactylus varians varians Gundlach and Peters Eleutherodactylus varians: Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2):245. Eleutherodactylus varians varians: Schwartz, 1960, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (11):5.
Distribution. Central Cuba, from Eas Villas Province (Soledad) to Camaguey Province (Banao). To the west of this range, the species has been heard calling between Central Australia and the Bahia de Cochinos in the Cienaga de Zapata, but no specimens were secured.
(2) Eleutherodactylus varians ionthus Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus varians ionthus Schwartz, 1960, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (11):6. Type-locality: 6 mi. E Ea Maya, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNEf 63414.
Distribution. Cuba; southern Oriente Province, from Pico Turquino in the west to Baracoa and the upper Rio Ovando in the east. Altitudinal distribu- tion from sea level to about 4000 feet.
(3) Eleutherodactylus varians olibrus Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus auriculatus olibrus Schwartz, 1958, Herpetologica 14(2) :72. Type-locality: Cliffs above Cueva del Rio, San Vicente, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 61155.
39
Eleutherodactylus varians olibrus: Schwartz, 1960, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (11);5.
Distribution. Known only from the vicinity of the type-locality.
(4) Eleutherodactylus varians staurometopon Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus varians staurometopon Schwartz, 1960, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (11) :8. Type-locality: 2 km N, thence 12 km W Santa Fe^, Isla de Pinos. Holotype: AMNH 63243.
Distribution. Isla de Pinos.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS VARLEYI Dunn
Eleutherodactylus varleyi Dunn, 1925, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 5:163.
Type-locality: Soledad, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 10601. Eleutherodactylus phyzelus Schwartz, 1958, Amer. Mus. Novitates (1973) :7. Type- locality: 4.4 mi. NW San Vicente, on road between San Vicente and Puerto Esperanza, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 59832.
Distribution. Islandwide on Cuba; Isla de Pinos.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS VENTRILINEATUS Shreve
Leptodactylus ventrilineatus Shreve, 1936, Proc. New England Zool. Club.
15:98. Type-locality: Mt. La Hotte (=Pic Macaya), 5000 feet to summit,
Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 19857.
Eleutherodactylus ventrilineatus: Cochran, 1941, Bull, U.S. Natl. Mus. (177) :35.
Distribution. Known only from the type-locality.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS WEINLANDI Barbour
Eleutherodactylus weinlandi Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2) :246. Type-locality: Puerto Plata, Puerto Plata Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 2050.
(1) Eleutherodactylus weinlandi weinlandi Barbour
Eleutherodactylus weinlandi weinlandi: Schwartz, 1965, Stud. Fauna Curacao and Caribbean Is. 22(86):115.
Distribution. Hispaniola; northern Haiti (Anse a Margot), the Chaine de Mathieux and the Montagnes de Trou-d'Eau and their northern affiliates in southern Haiti and the adjacent Sierra de Neiba in the Republica Dominicana; central Repfjblica Dominicana from Valverde and northern La Estrelleta provinces (Cruce de Guayacanes and Rio Limpio) in the north, south along the northern and eastern slopes of the Cordillera Central in Santiago and La Vega provinces, central San Cristobal Province to within 17 kilometers of Santo Domingo. Altitudinal dis- tribution from sea level (many localities along the northern Haitian and Dominican littoral) to 2600 feet in the Cordillera Septentrional (north of Puesto Grande), 2000 feet in the Cordillera Central (west of jarabacoa) and 2600 feet in the Sierra de Neiba (west of Vallejuelo).
(2) Eleutherodactylus weinlandi chersonesodes Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus weinlandi chersonesodes Schwartz, 1965, Stud. Fa^na Curasao and Caribbean Is. 22(86) :115. Type-locality: 8 km W Samana, Samana Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 43203.
Distribution. Eastern Hispaniola, including the Peninsula de Samana and the eastern Republica Dominicana from northeastern San Cristobal Province southeastward to central La Altagracia Province; intergrades with E. w. weinlandi in Duarte, Maria Trinidad Sanchez, Sanchez Ramfrez, and La Vega provinces.
REMARKS. E. weinlandi also occurs along the southern coast of the Republica Dominicana from Santo Domingo in the west to La Romana Province in the east. This population differs from both the nominate subspecies and chersonesodes. Additionally, E. weinlandi is known from two isolated stations: Thomonde, Dept, de I’Artibonite, Haiti, and Cap-HaVtien, Dept, du Nord, Haiti. The subspecific status of these populations remains in doubt.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS WETMOREI Cochran
Eleutherodactylus wetmorei Cochran, 1932, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 45:191. Type-locality; Fond des Negres, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: USNM 72617.
(1) Eleutherodactylus wetmorei wetmorei Cochran Eleutherodactylus wetmorei wetmorei: Schwartz, 1968, Breviora (290) :3.
Distribution. Hispaniola; Haiti, the Tiburon Peninsula at moderate elevations associated with the Massif de la Hotte, from Camp Perrin and Les Platons in the west to the vicinity of Mirago^ne (Paillant) in the east. Altitudinal distribution from 730 feet to 3000 feet.
(2) Eleutherodactylus wetmorei ceraemerus Schwartz Eleutherodactylus wetmorei ceraemerus Schwartz, 1968, Breviora (290) :5. Type-locality: Thiotte, Departement de POuest, Haiti. Eiolotype: MCZ 36101.
Distribution. Hispaniola; northern and southern slopes of the Massif de la Selle and the Morne I'HSpital in extreme southeastern Haiti, and southeast of Los Arroyos, Republica Dominicana. Haitian localities include the type-locality, Marbial, Savane Zombi, Seguin, Colombier, La Mahot, Boutilliers Road, and La Boule. Altitudinal distribution from 600 feet to 4170 feet.
(3) Eleutherodactylus wetmorei diplasius Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus wetmorei williamsi Schwartz, 1968, Breviora (290):9. Type- locality; Marfranc, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 37757. Eleutherodactylus wetmorei diplasius Schwartz, 1973, J. Herpetol. 7(3):250 (substitute name for E. wetmorei williamsi, preoccupied by Eleutherodactylus williamsi Rivero, 1961, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 126(1): 71).
Distribution. Northern slopes of the Massif de la Hotte and the Monts Cartaches near the tip of the Tiburon Peninsula, Haiti. Known from the type- locality, Perine, Carrefour Sanon, Moron, and Castillon. Altitudinal distribution from 130 feet to 2700 feet.
REMARKS. E. wetmorei also occurs in the vicinity of La Montagne, southwest of Jacmel, Dept, de I'Ouest, Haiti, but the specimens are clearly not E. w. ceraemerus which is known from Marbial to the northeast of Jacmel. In addition, there is an unexpected population of E. wetmorei in the Chaine de Marmelade, Dept, de PArtibonite, Haiti, at elevations above 3000 feet. Both these popula- tions require additional study.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS WIGHTMANAE Schmidt
Eleutherodactylus wightmanae Schmidt, 1920, Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 28:181.
Type-locality: El Yunque, near the Forester’s Cabin, about 1300 feet altitude, Bosque Experimental de Luquillo, Puerto Rico. Holotype: AMNH 10317.
Distribution. Puerto Rico; known from scattered, interior, upland localities from the Maricao region in the west to the region of the type-locality in the east. Altitudinal distribution from 1000 feet (2.2 mi. SW Sabana) to 3900 feet (10.3 km E La Pica).
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS ZEUS Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus zeus Schwartz, 1958, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 71:38. Type- locality: 0.5 mi. S San Vicente, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 60791.
Distribution. The Sierra de los Organos, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS ZUGI Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus zugi Schwartz, 1958. J. Washington Acad. Sci. 48(4):127. Type- locality: Soroa, Pinar del rTo Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 60938.
(1) Eleutherodactylus zugi zugi Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus zugi zugi: Schwartz, 1960, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (11):35.
Distribution. Sierra del Rosario, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba.
(2) Eleutherodactylus zugi erythroproctus Schwartz
Eleutherodactylus zugi erythroproctus Schwartz, 1960, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (11):33. Type-locality: Pan de Matanzas, 2.5 mi. S Corral Nuevo, Matanzas Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 63263.
Distribution. Known only from the type-locality.
GASTROPHRYNE CAROLINENSIS Holbrook
Engystoma carolinensis Holbrook, 1836, North Amer. Herpetology 1:83. Type- locality: Charleston, Charleston County, South Carolina. Syntypes: ANSP 14455-57.
Gastrophryne carolinensis: Stejneger, 1910, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 23:166.
Distribution. Southeastern North America, from Chesapeake Bay along the coast and piedmont to Key West, Florida, and westward to eastern Texas; in- troduced on Grand Bahama Island, Bahama Islands.
HYLA CINEREA Schneider
Calamita cinereus Schneider, 1799, Hist. Amph. 1:174. Type-locality: Carolina; re- stricted by Schmidt, 1953, Check List North Amer. Amph. and Rept. :69, to Charleston, Charleston County, South Carolina. Holotype: unlocated.
Hyla cinerea: Carman, 1891, Bull. Illinois State Lab. Nat. Hist. 3:189.
Distribution. Southeastern North America, in lowlands of the Atlantic and Gulf states from Virginia to Texas, and in the Mississippi Basin; introduced in north- western Puerto Rico.
HYLA CRUCIFER Wied
Hyla crucifer Wied, 1838, Reise Nord Amer. 1, pt. 5:275. Type-locality: Leavenworth, Leavenworth County, Kansas. Holotype: unlocated.
Distribution. Eastern North America, from southern Canada west to Minnesota, south to eastern Texas and northern Florida; introduced in Cuba at Marianao, Habana Province, and near Canasf, Matanzas Province.
r^EMARKS. Two subspecies, H. c. crucifer and H. c. bartramiana, are often recognized in North America, the latter occurring in southern Georgia and northern Florida. The few Cuban specimens have not been assigned to a sub- species, but it seems likely that they are H. c. crucifer.
HYLA HEILPRINI Noble
Hyla heilprini Noble, 1923, Amer. Mus. Novitates (61);1.
Type-locality: Los Bracitos, Duarte Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: AMNH 11401.
Distribution. Hispaniola; in Haiti, known from the Massif de la Hotte (Camp Perrin; Les Platons; base of Pic Macaya), the Montagne Noire (Furcy), the Massif de la Selle (Seguin), near and at the coast on the Tiburon Peninsula (Jeremie; Place Negre; Miragb^ne), and in the Massif du Nord (Marmelade; Plaisance; Dondon); in the Republica Dominicana, widespread in the Cordillera Central including more arid slopes (north and west of Azua), the Cordillera Septentrional (La Cumbre; north of Puesto Grande; Los Bracitos), the Sierra de Neiba (south of Las Matas de Farfan; east of Hondo Valle), the Cordillera Oriental (Pedro Santana), and the Sierra de Yamasa (Esperalvillo). Altitudinal distribution from sea level (Je're^mie) to 5600 feet (Furcy) but most common at elevations between 2000 feet and 3500 feet.
HYLA MARIANAE Dunn
Hyla marianae Dunn, 1926, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 38:129.
Type-locality: Spaldings, Clarendon Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 11122.
Distribution. The central interior of Jamaica, St. James Parish to St. Catherine and St. Ann parishes. Altitudinal distribution 400 feet (Windsor, Trelawny Parish) to 2900 feet (Spaldings).
HYLA PULCHRJLINEATA Cope
Hyla pulchrilineata Cope, 1869, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 11:163.
Type-locality: Eastern part of San Domingo island (=eastern Hispaniola). Holotype: ANSP 14495.
Distribution. Hispaniola; apparently islandwide but restricted in distribution; in Haiti, known only from the distal Tiburon PeninsulaJMarfranc; Camp Perrin; vicinity of Les Cayes), Mariani, and, in the north, Limbe, Plaisance, and between Jonas and Dondon; in the Repdblica Dominicana, localized along the Dormnico- Haitian border (Villa Anacaona to Loma de Cabrera, and eastward to the Rio Artibonito near Rio Limpio) in the Cordillera Central and associated lowlands (Copey), Puerto Plata on the north coast, Penmsula de Samana and the southern side of the Bahia de Samana (Miches) south into the Cordillera Oriental (Pedro Santana) to Higuey, the Cordillera Septentrional (Puesto Grande) and northern slopes of the Cordillera Central (south of La Vega), the Valle de San Juan (south- west of San Juan). Altitudinal distribution from sea level (Les Cayes, Puerto Plata, Sa'nchez, CafTo Hondo, Miches) to 2100 feet (south of Loma de Cabrera; north of Puesto Grande).
HYLA RUBRA Daudin
Hyla rubra Daudin, 1802, Hist. Nat. Rainettes, Grenouilles, Crapauds:'\9. Type- locality: Suriname. Lectotype: RNH 15922B (selected by Fouquette, in press).
43
Distribution. St. Lucia; on the mainland, from Central America throughout much of tropical South America.
REMARKS. Boulenger (1891, Proc. Zool. Soc. London (3):354) first reported Hyla rubra from St. Lucia. The taxonomic status of some of the nominal forms cur- rently synonymized with H. rubra is uncertain (see Cochran and Coin, 1970, U.S. Natl. Mus. Bull. (288):242, for an extensive synonymy.) The St. Lucia Hyla may not be conspecific with mainland H. rubra.
HYLA SQUIRELLA Sonnini and Latreille
Hyla squirella Sonnini and Latreille, 1802, Hist. Nat. Rept. 2:181.
Type-locality: Carolina; restricted by Schmidt, 1953, Check List North Amer.
Amph. and Rept.:72, to Charleston, Charleston County, South Carolina. Holo- type: unlocated.
Distribution. North America, lower coastal plain from southern Virginia to Texas and the Mississippi Basin; introduced on Grand Bahama I., Bahama Is.
HYLA VASTA Cope
Hyla vasta Cope, 1871, Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 23:219. Type-locality: Near the city of Santo Domingo, Distrito Nacional, Republica Dominicana. Holotype:
ANSP 2097.
Distribution. Hispaniola; widespread in Haiti, south of the Cul de Sac Plain where recorded from the Massif de la Hotte (Camp Perrin; Castillon) and from the Montagne Noire (Kenscoff; Furcy; Peneau), also south of the Massif de la Selle (La Vallee), but recorded only from Dondon in northern Haiti; in the Re- publica Dominicana, known from the Massif de la Selle (19 km N Pedernales) and the eastern slopes of the Sierra de Baoruco (4.8 mi. W Paraiso); elsewhere occurring in the Cordillera Central, the Cordillera Septentrional, and the Sierra de Yamasa, also from lowland and sea level localities (Rio San Juan on the Peninsula de Samana; Liali; Higuey). Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 5600 feet (Furcy), but most abundant along streams between elevations of 1000 feet and 3500 feet.
HYLA WiLDERI Dunn
Hyla wilder! Dunn, 1925, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 5:161. Type-locality: Moneague, St. Ann Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 10500.
Hyla shrevei Taylor, 195^ Breviora (1):1. Type-locality: La Loma, Chiriquicito, Repfjblica de Panama (presumably in error). Holotype: MCZ 26769.
Distribution. Jamaica; widely distributed with localities concentrated in the western central part of the island, not recorded from the southern coastal region and sparsely recorded east of Ewarton (St. Catherine Parish), although the easternmost record is at Seaman's Valley in eastern Portland Parish. Alti- tudinal distribution from 400 feet (Windsor, Trelawny Parish) to 2900 feet (Spaldings, Clarendon Parish).
LEPTODACTYLUS ALBILABRSS Gunther
Cystignathus albilabris Gunther, 1859, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 3(4):217. Type-locality:
St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. Syntypes: BMNH 59.10.1. 5-.6, BMNH 60.4.18.61-.68. Leptodactylus albilabris: Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Salient. British Mus. :245.
Distribution. The Puerto Rico Bank; virtually ubiquitous in Puerto Rico, known from Cayo Santiago and Cayo Icacos (off Puerto Rico), Isla Vieques, Isla
Culebra, St. Thomas, St. John, St. Croix, jost Van Dyke, Tortola, Anegada. Altitudinal distribution from sea level (many localities) to 3400 feet (10.5 km SSE Villa Perez, Reserva Forestal de Monte Guilarte).
LEPTODACTYLUS DOMINICENSIS Cochran
Leptodactylus dominicensis Cochran, 1923, j. Washington Acad. Sci. 13(9);184. Type-locality: Las Camtas, El Seibo Province, Rep^blica Dominicana. Holotype: USNM 65670.
Distribution. Hispaniola; in the Republica Dominicana along the southern shore of the Bahia de Samana from the Rio Yabon (1.1 mi. W Sabana de la Mar) in the west to Miches in the east, where very abundant; an isolated record (tadpole) from the Peninsula de Samana, where the species has not been subsequently taken.
REMARKS. Heyer (1970, Contr. Sci. Los Angeles County Mus. (191):39) used L. mystaceus in reference to the “Haitian" Leptodactylus. The similarities between dominicensis and the Puerto Rican L. albilabris Gunther suggest that these two taxa might be conspecific.
LEPTODACTYLUS FALLAX Muller
Leptodactylus dominicensis Muller, 1923, Zool. Anz. 57:49. Preoccupied by L. dominicensis Cochran, 1923, j. Washington Acad. Sci. 13(9):184. Type-locality: Dominica, hlolotype: ZSM 258/1909.
Leptodactylus fallax Muller, 1926, Zool. Anz. 65:200 (substitute name for Leptodactylus dominicensis Muller).
Distribution. St. Christopher, Montserrat, Guadeloupe, Dominica, and St. Lucia; now extant only on Montserrat and Dominica.
LEPTODACTYLUS iNSULARUM Barbour
Leptodactylus insularum Barbour, 1906, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 46^12) :228. Type- locality: San Miguel Island and Saboga Island, BahTa de Panama. Syntypes:
MCZ 2424, MCZ 6901-02, MCZ 2444.
Distribution. Isla San Andres and Isla de Providencia; also Central America and northern South America east to Venezuela.
LEPTODACTYLUS WAGNERI Peters
Plectromantis wagneri Peters, 1862, Monatsb. Akad. wiss. Berlin :232. Type- locality: “an den Westseite der Anden in Ecuador"; Heyer (1970, Los Angeles Co. Mus. Contr. Sci. (191):19-21) has shown that the type-locality is probably Pastaza, Ecuador, on the east side of the Andes, hlolotype: Probably ZSM 1080/0, no longer extant (neotype designated by Heyer, op. cit.).
Leptodactylus validus Carman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:14. Type-locality: Kings- town, St. George Parish, St. Vincent. Syntypes: ANSP 26108, ANSP 19425, MCZ 2185 (see REMARKS).
Leptodactylus wagneri: Nieden, 1923, Das Tierreich 46:479.
Distribution. St. Vincent, the Grenadines (Bequia I.), Grenada, Tobago, Trinidad; also South America north of the Tropic of Capricorn.
REMARKS. Heyer (op. c;f. :21) designated MCZ 71920 as lectotype of L. validus, but since this specimen is not part of the syntypic series the designation is invalid.
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OSTEOPILUS BRUNNEUS Gosse
Hyla hrunnea Gosse, 1851, Nautralist's sojourn in /ama/ca; 361. Type-locality: Savanna-la-Mar, Westmoreland Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: Unlocated (not designated).
Trachycephalus scutigerus Cope, 1864, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 15:46.
Type-locality: Jamaica. Holotype: USNM 6268 (apparently lost).
Osteopilus brunneus: Trueb and Tyler, 1974, Occ. Papers Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas (24):36.
Distribution. Jamaica; essentially island-wide but not recorded from the xeric south-central coastal region. Altitudinal distribution from sea level (various localities) to about 5000 feet (Morce's Gap).
OSTEOPILUS DOMINICENSIS Tschudi
Hypsiboas dominicensis Tschudi, 1838, Mem. Soc. Sci. Nat. Neuchatel 2:30. Type- locality: St.-Domingue. Syntypes: MNHN 4614.
Trachycephalus ovatus Cope, 1864, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 15:44. Type- locality: Near Jeremie, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Syntypes: MCZ 1518. Osteopilus dominicensis: Trueb and Tyler, 1974, Occ. Papers Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas (24):38.
Distribution. Hispaniola; widespread in lowlands to elevations of about 5000 feet in southern Haiti (Kenscoff) and about 400(^ feet in central Republica Dominicana (Constanza); He de la Gonave; lle-a-Vache; He Grande Cayemite; He de la Tortue; Isla Saona.
OSTEOPILUS SEPTENTRIONALIS Dumeril and Bibron
Trachycephalus marmoratus Dumeril and Bibron, 1841, Erp. Gen. 8:538. Type- locality: Cuba. Holotype: MNHN 4612.
Hyla septentrionalis Dumeril and Bibron, 1841, Erp. Gen. 8:538. Substitute name for Trachycephalus (=Hyla) marmoratus Dumeril and Bibron (not Hyla marmorata Laurenti, 1768, Spec. Med. Synopsin Rept. :29).
Trachycephalus insulsus Cope, 1864, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 15:43.
Type-locality: Cuba. Syntypes: ANSP 2181, USNM 12166, USNM 167237. Trachycephalus wrightii Cope, 1864, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 15:45. Type-locality: District of Guantanamo, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype:
USNM 5174.
Hyla schebestana Werner, 1917, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Hamburg 34:36. Type-locality: Cuba. Holotype: formerly in HZM, now destroyed.
Osteopilus septentrionalis: Trueb and Tyler, 1974, Occ. Papers Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas (24):39.
Distribution. Cuba and Isla de Pinos, including the Archipielago de los Canarreos (Cayo Cantiles), Cayos de San Felipe (Cayo Real), and the Archipielago de Sabana-Camaguey (Cayo Santa Maria); Cayman Is. (Grand Cayman, Little Cayman, Cayman Brae); Bahama Is. (Grand Bahama I. including Stranger's Cay, Little Abaco I., Great Abaco I. including Pensacola Cays and Elbow Cay, South Bimini I., Berry Is. including Frazer’s Hog Cay and Great Harbour Cay,
New Providence I., Eleuthera I., Andros I., Exuma Cays including Pipe Cay and Great Exuma I., Cat I., Conception I., Long I., Rum Cay, San Salvador, Crooked I., Acklin’s I., Great Inagua I.); introduced in extreme northwestern Puerto Rico (Ramey Air Force Base), on St. Croix, and on the Florida Keys and mainland from Collier County to Highlands and Palm Beach counties.
RANA CATESBEIANA Shaw
Rana catesbeiana Shaw, 1802, Gen. Zool. 1:106. Type-locality: South Carolina; re- stricted by Schmidt, 1953, Check List North Amer. Amph. and Rept.:79, to vicinity of Charleston, Charleston County, South Carolina. Idolotype: unlocated.
Distribution. Mnrth America, from southern Canada to the Gulf of Mexico and west to about the 100th meridian, southward into northern Mexico; introduced on Cuba, Isla de Pinos, Puerto Rico, Hispaniola, and Jamaica; success of all Antillean populations apparently assured.
RANA GRYLIO Stejneger
Rana grylio Steineger, 1901, Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus. 24:212. Type-locality: Bay St.
Louis, Hancock County, Mississippi, hlolotype: I ISNM 27443.
Distribution. North America, from South Carolina to extreme southeastern Texas; introduced in the Bahama Islands (New Providence I., Andros I.).
RANA UTRICULARIA Harlan
Rana utricularia Harlan, 1826, Am. j. Sci. Arts 10:60. Type-locality: Pennsylvania and New jersey; restricted by Schmidt, 1953, Check List North Amer. Amph. and Rept.:82, to vicinity of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. LHolotype: none desig- nated; neotype ANSP 2803, selected by Pace, 1974, Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan (148):18.
(1) Rana utricularia sphenocephala Cope
Rana oxyrhynchus Hallowell, 1856, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 8:142. Preoccupied by Rana oxyrhynchus Smith, 1849, Ulus. Zool. 5. Afr., Rept., pi.
77. Type-locality: A sulphur spring near the St. John’s River, about three hun- dred miles from Key West, hlolotype: unlocated.
Rana virescens sphenocephala Cope, 1889. Bull. U. S. Natl. Mus. (34):399 (sub- stitute name for Rana oxyrhynchus Hallowell). Neotype: UMMZ 56130, from Enterprise, Volusia County, Florida, designated by Pace (op. c/t. :18).
Rana utricularia sphenocephala: Pace (op. c/f. :20).
Distribution. Peninsular Florida; introduced in the Bahama Islands (Grand Bahama I.)
SMINTHILLUS LIMBATUS Cope
Phyllobates limbatus Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:154. Type- locality: Eastern Cuba. Syntypes: USNM 5205.
Sminthillus limbatus: Barbour and Noble, 1920, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 63(8):402.
(1) Sminthillus limbatus limbatus Cope
Sminthillus limbatus limbatus: Barbour and Shreve, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp.
Zool. 80(9):379 (by inference).
Distribution. Presumably throughout Cuba, but reported only from the prov- inces of Habana, Las Villas, and Oriente.
(2) Sminthillus limbatus orientaiis Barbour and Shreve
Sminthillus limbatus orientaiis Barbour and Shreve, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp.
Zool. 80(9) :379. Type-locality: El Yunque de Baracoa, 1000 feet to 1800 feet, Oriente Province, Cuba. Liolotype: MCZ 22082.
Distribution. Known only from the type-locality.
TESTUDINES
CHRYSEMYS DECORATA Barbour and Carr, new combination
Pseudemys decorata Barbour and Carr, 1940, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 54(5);409. Type-locality: Fond Parisien, Departement de I’Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 36862.
Distribution. Hispaniola; apparently localized in the lakes (Trou Ca'iman, Etang Saumatre, Lago Enriquillo, Laguna del Rincon) in the Cul de Sac-Valle de Neiba plain.
CHRYSEMYS DECUSSATA Gray
Emys decussata Gray, 1831, Synopsis Rept. :28. Type-locality: “America boreali”; Mertens and Wermuth, 1961, Schiidkroten, Krokodile, Bruckenechsen :160 gave “West Indies.'’ Holotype: BMNH 1947.3.4.79.
Chrysemys decussata: Schwartz, 1967, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 39(17) :259.
(1) Chrysemys decussata decussata Gray, new combination
Pseudemys decussata decussata: Barbour and Carr, 1940, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 54(5) :396.
Testudo rugosa Shaw, 1802, Gen. Zool. 3:28. Type-locality: unknown; restricted by Mittleman, 1947, Herpetologica 3(5):175, to Rio Jobabo. Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: unlocated.
Emys vermiculata Gray, 1844, Cat. Tort. Brit. Mus. :25. Type-locality: West Indies. Holotype: formerly in BMNH; now lost.
Emys jamao Dumeril, 1861, Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris:435, 445 (nomen nudum). Emys gnatho Vilaro, 1867, in Poey, Repert. Elsico-nat. Cuba 2(9):204. Type- locality: Cuba. Holotype: unlocated.
Emys jamao Vilaro, 1868, in Poey, Repert. Eisico-nat. Cuba 2:121. Type-locality:
La Habana, Habana Province, Cuba. Holotype: unlocated.
Pseudemys decussata angusta Barbour and Carr, 1940, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 54(5):402. Tvpe-locallty: Rio Taco, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 34340.
Pseudemys decussata plana Barbour and Carr, 1940, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 54(5):405. Type-locality: Rto Jobabo, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 34134.
Distribution. Cuba and Isla de Pinos; reported from Cayo Santa Maria in the Archipielago de Sabana-Camaguey off the northern Cuban coast, but not represented by specimens.
(2) Chrysemys decussata granti Barbour and Carr, new combination Pseudemys granti Barbour and Carr, 1941, Proc. New England Zool. Club 18:59. Type-locality: Grand Cayman Island, Cayman Islands. Holotype: MCZ 46045.
Pseudemys decussata granti: Williams, 1956, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 115(5):157. Distribution: Cayman Is. (Grand Cayman, Cayman Brae).
(3) Chrysemys decussata stejnegeri Schmidt, new combination Pseudemys stejnegeri Schmidt, 1928, New York Acad. Sci., Sci. Surv. Porto Rico and Virgin Is. 19(1) :147. Type-locality: San Juan, Puerto Rico. Holotype: USNM 25642.
Pseudemys decussata stejnegeri: Williams, 1956, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 115(5):157.
Distribution. Puerto Rico; possibly occurring on Isla Vieques (Grant, 1932, J. Dept. Agri. Porto Rico 18(1):39) but no specimens collected; also reported from Marie-Galante.
(4) Chrysemys decussata vicina Barbour and Carr, new combination
Pseudemys stejnegeri vicina Barbour and Carr, 1940, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 54(5):408. Type-locality: Sanchez, Samana Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: FMNH 5977.
Pseudemys decussata vicina: Williams, 1956, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 115(5):157. Distribution. Hispaniola; introduced on Marie-Galante.
CHRYSEMYS FELIS Barbour
Pseudemys felis Barbour, 1935, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8:205. Type- locality: Tea Bay, Cat Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: MCZ 38385.
Chrysemys felis: Schwartz, 1968, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 39(17) :259.
Distribution. Bahama Islands (Cat I., Eleuthera 1., Andros I.).
CHRYSEMYS MALONEI Barbour and Carr
Pseudemys malonei Barbour and Carr, 1938, Proc. New England Zool. Club 17:76. Type-locality: Ponds near Northwest Point, Great Inagua Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: MCZ 44338.
Chrysemys malonei: Schwartz, 1968, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 39(17):260.
Distribution. Bahama Islands: Great Inagua I.
REMARKS. Williams (1956, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 115(5):157) suggested that Ch. felis and Ch. malonei may be neither native nor recognizable. Schwartz (1968, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 39(17):259) suggested that perhaps at least Ch. felis might be a subspecies of Ch. decussata. Both taxa are distinctive, but perhaps nomenclatural combination with Ch. decussata would more properly show their relationships.
CHRYSEMYS SCRIPTA Schoepff
Testudo scripta Schoepff, 1792, Hist. Testud. :16. Type-locality: unknown; desig- nated as Charleston, South Carolina, by Schmidt, 1953, Check List North Amer. Amph. Rept. :^02. Holotype: unlocated.
Chrysemys scripta: Boulenger, 1889, Cat. Chelonians, Rhynchocephalians, Crocodilians British Mus.:77.
(1) Chrysemys scripta elegans Wied
Emys elegans Wied, 1838, Reise Nord Amer. 1:213. Type-locality: Eox River at New Harmony, Indiana. Holotype: unlocated.
Chrysemys scripta var. elegans: Boulenger, 1889, Cat. Chelonians, Rhyncho- cephalians, Crocodilians British Mus.:78.
Distribution. Eastern North America, west to Kansas and south into north- eastern Mexico; introduced on Guadeloupe (Grande-Terre and Basse-Terre.)
CHRYSEMYS TERRAPEN Lacepede, new combination
(Testudo) terrapen Lacepede, 1788, Hist. Nat. Quadrup. Ovip. 1:129. Type-locality: Jamaica. Holotype: unlocated.
Testudo palustris Gmelin, 1789, Linn. Syst. Nat., Ed. 13, 1:1041. Type-locality:
Jamaica. Holotype: unlocated.
Testudo fasciata Suckow, 1798 (part, not Testudo fasciata Daudin, 1802), Anfansgr. Naturgesch. Thiere 3:40. Type-locality: "Amboina und Virginia.” Type-material: unlocated.
49
Emys rugosa var. livida Gray, 1831, Syn. Rept. 1:30. Type-locality: unknown. Holotype: unlocated.
Distribution. Jamaica.
GEOCHELONE CARBONARIA Spix
Testudo carbonaria Spix, 1824, Spec. Nov. Testud. Brasil. :22. Type-locality: Amazonas." Holotype: unlocated.
Testudo boiei Wagler, 1833, Icon. Amph.:']3. Type-locality: unknown. Holotype: unlocated.
Geochelone carbonaria: Williams, 1960, Breviora (120) :10.
Distribution. Throughout much of tropical South America; introduced on St. Thomas including Water I., St. John, Tortola, Peter I., St.-Barthelemy, Barbuda, Antigua, Montserrat, the Grenadines (Cannouan I.), and Grenada. According to Underwood (1962, Caribbean Affairs Univ. West Indies (New Ser.) 1:162) C. carbonaria occurs on “many of the Grenadines."
REMARKS. Records of Geochelone (species not determined) include the Virgin Is. (Lovango Cay), ?St. -Martin, ?St. Eustatius, ?St. Christopher, and ?Dominica (questioned islands indicate records evidently based on hearsay).
In some instances Geochelone denticulata or its synonym Testudo tabulata were reported, but these are either unverified or predate Williams (1960, Breviora (120):1-13) who showed carbonaria and denticulata to be distinct species.
PELUSIOS SUBNIGER Lacepede
Testudo subnigra Lacepede, 1788, Hist. Nat. Quadrup. Ovip. 7; Synops. method.
175. Type-locality: unknown. Holotype: MNHN 8366.
Pelusios subniger: Lindholm, 1929, Zool. Anz. 81 :288.
Distribution. Africa south of the Sahara, Mauritius Is., Madagascar; introduced on Guadeloupe where moderately common.
SAURIA
AMEIVA AMEIVA Linnaeus
Lacerta ameiva Linnaeus, 1758, Sysf. Nat., ed. 10:202. Type-locality: Brasil; amended by Hoogmoed, 1973, Biogeographia 4:44, to confluence of the Cottica River and the Perica Creek, Suriname. Syntypes: Two specimens in SMNH and one in the Gyllenborg collection, Uppsala (fide Hoogmoed, loc. cit.).
Ameiva ameiva: Cockerell, 1893, j. inst. Jamaica 1:310.
(1) Ameiva ameiva fuliginosa Cope
Tiaporus fuliginosus Cope, 1862, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 30:132. Type-locality: Swan Island. Synfypes: USNM 14710, USNM 32119-20.
Ameiva panchlora Barbour, 1921, Proc. New England Zool. Club 7:83. Type- locality: Isla de Providencia. Holotype: USNM 13879. Ameiva ameiva fuliginosa: Ameiva ameiva fuliginosa: Dunn and Saxe, 1950, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadel- phia 102:155.
Distribution. Swan I., Isla de Providencia.
(2) Ameiva ameiva tobagana Cope
Amiva (sic) suranamensis tobaganus Cope, 1879, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 18:276. Type-locality: Tobago, apparently in error; Tuck and Hardy, 1973, Proc. Biol.
50
Soc. Washington 86(19) :231-240, showed that the holotype probably came from Grenada, the Grenadines, or St. Vincent. Holotype: USNM 10113.
Ameiva aquilina Garman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:3. Type-locality: St. George’s, St. George Parish, Grenada. Syntypes: ANSP 19595, MCZ 6088-89.
Ameiva ameiva tobagana: Tuck and Hardy, 1973, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 86(19):239.
Distribution. Si. Vincent, the Grenadines (known from the islands of Bequia, Mustique, Cannouan, Mayreau, Union, Petit Bateau, Frigate, Ronde, and Caille), Grenada and its satellites Sandy and Green Is.
AMEIVA AUBERI Cocteau
Ameiva auberi Cocteau, 1838 or 1839, in de la Sagra, Historia ... c/e Cuba:51.
Type-locality: Cuba. Restricted by Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):65, to the vicinity of La Habana, Habana Province, Cuba. Syntypes: MNHN 1112, /V1NHN 2647, MNHN 1788, MNHN 4178 (see Schwartz, op. cit.).
(1) Ameiva auberi auberi Cocteau
Ameiva auberi auberi: Hecht, 1954, Year Book Amer. Phil. Soc.:133 (by in- ference).
Ameiva trilineata Gray. 1845, Cat. Lizards Brit. Mus.: 19. Type-locality: Cuba. Syntypes: BMNH 1946.8. 29.33-.34.
Distribution. The north coast of Cuba, from Marianao and La Habana on the west, east to vicinity of Canasi, Matanzas Province.
(2) Ameiva auberi abducta Schwartz
Ameiva auberi abducta Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):70. Type- locality: Punta Hicacos, Matanzas Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 96331.
Distribution. Known only from the distal half of the Penmsula de Hicacos, Matanzas Province, Cuba.
(3) Ameiva auberi atrotborax Schwartz
Ameiva auberi atrotborax Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):79. Type- locality: Finca Morales, 8 mi. NW Trinidad, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 78035.
Distribution. South-central Las Villas Province, Cuba, from Paso Caballo and Soledad in the west to Trinidad and Casilda in the east.
(4) Ameiva auberi bilateralis McCoy
Ameiva auberi bilateralis McCoy, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):142. Type- locality: South end of Great Ragged Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype:
CM 40985.
Distribution. Bahamas Islands: Ragged Is. (Nurse Cay, Great Ragged I., Little Ragged I., Hog Cay).
(5) Ameiva auberi cacuminis Schwartz
Ameiva auberi cacuminis Schwartz, 1970^ Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):56. Type- locality: Ensenada de Cajon, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 83028.
Distribution. Extreme tip of Cabo de San Antonio, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba.
(6) Ameiva auberi citra Schwartz
Ameiva auberi citra Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):89. Type-locality: 2 mi. W Playa Santa Lucfa, Camaguey Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 96375.
51
Distribution. Known only from the vicinity of Playa Santa Lucia, Cainaguey Province, Cuba.
(7) Ameiva auberi denticola Schwartz
Ameiva auberi denticola Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):57. Type- locality: North shore, Ensenada de Corrientes, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 79202.
Distribution. The Penmsula de Guanahacabibes, from the western shore of Cabo Corrientes west to about 45 km W Cayuco, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba.
(8) Ameiva auberi extorris Schwartz
Ameiva auberi extorris Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):76. Type- locality: Cayuelo de la Vela, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 52.
Distribution. Known only from the type-locality in the Archipielago de Sabana, off the north coast of Cuba.
(9) Ameiva auberi extraria Schwartz
Ameiva auberi extraria Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):73. Type- locality: Cayo Bahia de c/diz. Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 82982.
Distribution. The Archipielago de Sabana off the north coast of Las^Villas Province, Cuba; known from the type-locality, Cayo Monos de Jutia, Cayo Lanzanillo, Cayo Carenero, Cayo las Tocineras, and Cayo Tio Pepe.
(10) Ameiva auberi felis McCoy
Ameiva auberi felis McCoy, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41 (4): 128. Type-locality: The Bight, Cat Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: CM 20440.
Distribution. Bahama Islands: Cat I.
(11) Ameiva auberi focaiis McCoy
Ameiva auberi focaiis McCoy, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4);137. Type- locality: Ship Channel Cay, Exuma Cays, Bahama Islands. Holotype: CM 41147.
Distribution. Bahama Islands: the type-locality. Possibly also occurring on others of the northernmost Exuma Cays.
(12) Ameiva auberi galbiceps Schwartz
Ameiva auberi galbiceps Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):111. Type- locality: Southernmost point of large cay, 3 km NW Cayo Cachiboca, Laberinto de las Doce Leguas, Camaguey Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 78058.
Distribution. Known only from cays in the Jardines de la Reina (= Laberinto de las Doce Leguas) off the southern coast of Cuba: type-locality, Cayo Caballones, Cayo Anclitas, Cayo Cachiboca, Cayo Cabeza del Este, and several other un- named small islets.
(13) Ameiva auberi garridoi Schwartz
Ameiva auberi garridoi Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):77. Type- locality: Cuatro Bocas, Sagua la Grande, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ96.
Distribution. Known only from the region between the city of Sagua la Grande and La Isabela, northern Las Villas Province, Cuba.
52
(14) Ameiva auberi gemmea Schwartz
Ameiva auberi gemmea Schwartz, 1970, Ann Carnegie Mus. 41(4):71. Type- locality: Mouth of Rio de Sierra Morena, near Playa Ganuza, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 82972.
Distribution. Known only from the vicinity of the type-locality.
(15) Ameiva auberi granti Schwartz
Ameiva auberi granti Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):91. Type- locality: Baracoa, east side, Bahia de Miel, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 83784.
Distribution. The north coast of Oriente Province, Cuba, from Banes (and possibly as far west as Gibara) on the west to the vicinity of Baracoa in the east.
(16) Ameiva auberi hardyi Schwartz
Ameiva auberi hardyi Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):100. Type- locality: Ocujal, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: USNM 138468.
Distribution. Southwestern coast of Oriente Province, Cuba, from the vicinity of Cabo Cruz on the west presumably to the Bahia de Santiago on the east, but specimens are lacking from the area immediately west of the bay.
(17) Ameiva auberi kingi McCoy
Ameiva auberi kingi McCoy, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):130. Type-locality: Gibson Cay, mouth of South Bight, Andros Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: CM 40915.
Distribution. Bahama Islands; Andros I., including the type-locality and asso- ciated cays and islets.
(18) Ameiva auberi llanensis Schwartz
Ameiva auberi llanensis Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):84. Type- locality: Just south of west end of Sierra de Cubitas, Camaguey Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 59321.
Distribution. The serpentine savannas from the western end of the Sierra de Cubitas south to the vicinity of the city of Camaguey, Camaguey Province,
Cuba.
(19) Ameiva auberi marcida Schwartz .
Ameiva auberi marcida Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):105. Type- locality: Jacksonville, Isla de Pinos, Habana Province. Holotype: AMNH 82991.
Distribution. The southern third of the Isla de Pinos, south of the Cienaga de Lanier, including the Paso de Piedras.
(20) Ameiva auberi multilineata McCoy
Ameiva auberi multilineata McCoy, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4);132. Type- locality: Bond’s Cay, Berry Islands, Bahama Islands. Holotype: CM 41196.
Distribution. Bahama Islands: Berry Is. (Great Harbour Cay, Cistern Cay, Devil’s Cay, Little Harbour Cay, Bond’s Cay, Frazer’s Hog Cay, Chub Cay).
(21) Ameiva auberi obsoleta McCoy
Ameiva auberi obsoleta McCoy, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):139. Type- locality: Adderly’s, Long Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: CM 43976.
Distribution. Bahama Islands: Long I.; Exuma Cays (Warderick Wells Cay, Bell I., Compass Cay, Sampson Cay, Staniel Cay, Bitter Guana Cay, Cave Cay, Great Exuma I., Elizabeth I., Little Exuma I.)
53
(22) Ameiva auberi orlandoi Schwartz and McCoy
Ameiva auberi festiva Garrido, 1975, Poeyana (141) :37. Preoccupied by Cnemidophorus (=Ameiva) festiva Lichtenstein and Von Martens, 1856, Nomen. Rept. Ampb. Mus. Berolinensis: 13. Type-locality: Cayo Santa Maria,
Archipielago de Sabana-Camaguey, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype:
IZ 3427.
Ameiva auberi orlandoi Schwartz and McCoy, 1975, Herpetologica 31(2):240. (substitute name for Ameiva auberi festiva Garrido).
Distribution. Archipielago de Sabana-Camaguey, Las Villas Province, Cuba:
Cayo Santa Maria, Cayo Frances, Cayo Guillermo, Cayo las Brujas, and Cayo Caiman Grande de Santa Maria.
(23) Ameiva auberi paulsoni Schwartz
Ameiva auberi paulsoni Schwartz, 1970^ Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):63. Type- locality: 1 km N Las Canas, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 83012.
Distribution. Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba, in the vicinity of Las Canas and La Coloma.
(24) Ameiva auberi peradusta Schwartz
Ameiva auberi faeradusta Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):83. Type- locality: Juragua, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 85.
Distribution. Known only from the type-locality.
(25) Ameiva auberi procer Schwartz
Ameiva auberi procer Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4);60. Type- locality: San Vicente, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 78390.
Distribution. Cuba, in Pinar del Rio Province, from the vicinity of Cayuco in the southwest, north at lower elevations (about 1000 feet) in at least southern and central portions of the Sierra de los Organos and Sierra del Rosario, east to San Diego de los^BalTos and Dayani^uas on the south coast, and north on the coast to Bahia Honda and Cabanas.
(26) Ameiva auberi pullata Schwartz
Ameiva auberi pullata Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):67. Type- locality: 13 km NE Matanzas, Matanzas Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 82953.
Distribution. Cuba, from the vicinity of Matanzas (city) east to Cardenas (ex- cluding the distal half of the Peninsula de Hicacos), and presumably inland to the vicinity of San Miguel de los BarTos, Matanzas Province.
(27) Ameiva auberi richmondi McCoy
Ameiva auberi richmondi McCoy, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):134. Type- locality: Near Lyons, North Bimini Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: CM 34140.
Distribution. Bahama Islands: Bimini Is. (East Bimini, Easter Cay, Gun Cay,
North Bimini, South Bimini, South Cat Cay).
(28) Ameiva auberi sabulicolor Schwartz
Ameiva auberi sabulicolor Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):94. Type- locality: 2.8 mi. E Imias, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 83941.
Distribution. The southeastern coast of Oriente Province, Cuba, from the vicinity of Guantanamo (city) and Boqueron, east to Cajobabo, and probably to Cabo Maisi.
54
(29) Ameiva auberi sanfelipensis Garrido
Ameiva auberi sanfelipensis Garrido, 1975, Poeyana (141):45. Type-locality:
Cayo Real, Cayos de San Felipe, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype:
XL 2987.
Distribution. Knovi'n only from Cayo Real and Cayo Juan Garda in the Cayos de San Felipe off the southern Pinar del Rio coast.
(30) Ameiva auberi secta Schwartz
Ameiva auberi secta Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):102. Type- locality: Playa de Rocas, between Bibijagua and Jucaro, Isla de Pinos, La Habana Province. Holotype: AMNH 82997.
Distribution. Isla de Pinos, north of the Cienaga de Lanier.
(31) Ameiva auberi sublesta Schwartz
Ameiva auberi sublesta Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):87. Type- locality: Playa Bonita, east end, Cayo Sabinal, Camaguey Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 96393.
Distribution. Cayo Sabinal off the northern coast of Cuba.
(32) Ameiva auberi thoracica Cope
Ameiva thoracica Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:64. Type- locality: New Providence Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: ANSP9158. Ameiva auberi thoracica: Hecht, 1954, Year Book Amer. Phil. Soc., 1954:133.
Distribution. Bahama Islands: New Providence I., Rose I., Eleuthera I., Little San Salvador I.
(33) Ameiva auberi ustulata Schwartz
Ameiva auberi ustulata Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):97. Type- locality: 7.8 mi. E Siboney, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 83778.
Distribution. Cuba, on the southern coast of Oriente Province between the Bahia de Santiago and the Bahia de Guantanamo, and occurring inland to the northwest of Santiago de Cuba at San Luis, El Cobre, and Palma Soriano.
(34) Ameiva auberi zugi Schwartz
Ameiva auberi zugi Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):107. Jype- locality: Cayo Largo, Archipielago de los Canarreos, Habana Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 83003.
Distribution. The Archipielago de los Canarreos east of the Isla de Pinos; known from Cayo Matias, Cayo Hicacos, Cayo Avalos, Cayo Cantiles, and Cayo Largo, and Las Salinas, extreme northeast Peninsula de Zapata.
REMARKS. A. auberi is known from the vicinity of Mariel, north of Quiebra Hacha, and Herradura, Pinar del Rio Province, the Sierra de jatibonico near the Las Villas-Camaguey province line, and from north of the Sierra de Cubitas, Camaguey Province; these specimens have not been allocated subspecifically. Doubtless A. auberi occurs on many islets in the cayerias off both coasts of Cuba and on many other cays and islets in the Bahamas whence it is unreported. McCoy (op. c/f;:144) tentatively assigned specimens from Green Cay to bilateralis, but this assignment is subject to reassessment.
55
AMEIVA CHRYSOLAEMA Cope
Ameiva chrysolaema Cope, 1868, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 20:127. Type- locality: "lie de la Gonave;” restricted by Cochran, 1941, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus. (177): 275, to within 25 miles of Port-au-Prince, Departement de I'Ouest, Haiti. Syntypes: USNM 12140, USNM 12142.
(1) Ameiva chrysolaema chrysolaema Cope
Amiva (sic) vittipunctata Cope, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 23:220. Type-locality: City of Santo Domingo, Distrito Nacional, Republica Dominicana; restricted by Cochran, 1941, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus. (177) :275-276, to within 25 miles of Port-au-Prince, Departement de I'Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: ANSP 9132. Ameiva affinis Fischer, 1883, Separat-Abdruck aus dem Osterprogramm akad. Gymnasiums Hamburg:1. Type-locality: Haiti. Holotype: Formerly HZM 760a, now destroyed.
Ameiva chrysolaema chrysolaema: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2):143.
Distribution. Haiti, from Diquini and Carrefour in the west, northwest along the Golfe de la Gonave to Pont Sonde, and east throughout the Cul de Sac Plain to near the Dominico-Haitian border (Manneville; Fond Parisien); on the Morne I'Hopital to Petionville and the Montagnes du Trou-d'Eau to Fond Michelle. Altitudinal distribution from sea level and below to 1800 feet (Fond Michelle).
(2) Ameiva chrysolaema abbotti Noble
Ameiva abbotti Noble, 1923, Amer. Mus. Novitates (64) :1. Type-locality: Isla Beata, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: AMNH 24327.
Ameiva chrysolaema abbotti: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2):144. Distribution. Isla Beata.
(3) Ameiva chrysolaema alacris Schwartz and Klinikowski
Ameiva chrysolaema alacris Schwartz and Klinikowski, 1966, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 133(10):444. Type-locality: 10 km SE San Juan, San Juan Province, Re- publica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 77232.
Distribution. From east-central Haiti (Cerca-la-Source) southeastward through the Valle de San Juan; intergrading with A. ch. boekeri at Hato Nuevo, Azua Province, and A. ch. chrysolaema in the vicinity of Mirebalais, Dept, de I'Ouest.
(4) Ameiva chrysolaema boekeri Mertens
Ameiva chrysolaema boekeri Mertens, 1938, Senckenbergiana 20:338. Type- locality: South of Fondo Negro, lower Rio Yaque del Sur, Barahona Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: SMF 25033.
Distribution. Republica Dominicana, from north of the Rio Yaque del Sur, ex- treme eastern Valle de Neiba, north and east to north of Azua, and east to the vicinity of Bani, where A. cb. boekeri intergrades with A. ch. procax.
(5) Ameiva chrysolaema defensor Schwartz and Klinikowski
Ameiva chrysolaema defensor Schwartz and Klinikowski, 1966, Bull. Mus.
Comp. Zool. 133(10):470. Type-locality: Mole St. Nicholas, Departement du Nord Quest, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 63379.
Distribution. Northwestern Haiti, from Bombardopolis in the south to the vicinity of Port-de-Paix in the northeast, and south (Gros-Morne) to Ennery and southeast of Gona'iVes; intergrades with A. ch. chrysolaema in the vicinity of Dessalines, Dept, de I'Artibonite.
(6) Ameiva chrysolaema evulsa Schwartz
Ameiva chrysolaema evulsa Schwartz, 1973, Herpetologica 29(2) :101. Type- locality: Crosse Caye, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: USNM 189236.
Distribution. Known certainly only from the type-locality, but may also occur at Aquin and Cap St. Ceorges.
(7) Ameiva chrysolaema ficta Schwartz and Klinikowski
Ameiva chrysolaema ficta Schwartz and Klinikowski, 1966, Bull. Mus. Comp.
Zool. 133(10):461. Type-locality: 13.1 mi. (20.8 km) SW Enriquillo, Pedernales Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 77237.
Distribution. Republica Dominicana; the Penmsula de Barahona from 30 km NW Oviedo in the west, east to Oviedo, and north to Enriquillo.
(8) Ameiva chrysolaema jacta Schwartz and Klinikowski
Ameiva chrysolaema Jacta Schwartz and Klinikowski, 1966, Bull. Mus. Comp.
Zool. 133(10);454. Type-locality: Juanillo, La Altagracia Province, Repdblica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 75267.
Distribution. Known only from the type-locality.
(9) Ameiva chrysolaema parvoris Schwartz and Klinikowski
Ameiva chrysolaema parvoris Schwartz and Klinikowski, 1966, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 133(10) :450. Type-locality: 0.9 mi. (1.4 km) E Boca Chica, Distrito Nacional, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 77234.
Distribution. Republica Dominicana, from Boca Chica in the west to east of San Pedro de Macons; Isla Catalina.
(10) Ameiva chrysolaema procax Schwartz and Klinikowski
Ameiva chrysolaema procax Schwartz and Klinikowski, 1966, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 133(10) :448. Type-locality: Santo Domingo, 2.2 km SW Rfo Ozama,
Distrito Nacional, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 77233.
Distribution. Republica Dominicana, from the Rfo Ozama in the east to Sabana Crande de Palenque, San Cristobal Province, in the west, intergrading with A. ch. boekeri in the vicinity of Bani; primarily coastal but observed in the interior city of San Cristobal.
(11) Ameiva chrysolaema quadrijugis Schwartz
Ameiva chrysolaema quadrijugis Schwartz, 1968, Herpetologica 24(1) :24. Type- locality: 4 mi. (6.4 km) SE Leo^ne, D/partement de I'Ouest, Haiti. Holotype:
MCZ 92046.
Distribution. Haiti; known from the vicinity of ^a Ira and Leogane in the west, east to the vicinity of Cressier, where it intergrades with A. ch. chrysolaema.
(12) Ameiva chrysolaema regularis Fischer
Ameiva reguiaris Fischer, 1888, Jahr. wiss. Anst. Hamburg 5:26. Type-locality:
Sans Souci, Departement du Nord, Haiti. Holotype: Formerly in HZM, now destroyed.
Ameiva chrysolaema regularis: Schwartz and Klinikowski, 1966, Bull. Mus.
Comp. Zool. 133(10):476.
Distribution. North-central Hispaniola: from Carosse (north of Port Margot), Limbe, and Dondon in the west, east to Fort Liberte, Haiti, and to Monte Cristi and throughout the Valle de Cibao east to the vicinity of Santiago, Republica Dominicana; also the Cayos Siete Hermanos (Islas Muertos, Toruru, Monte Chico, Tercero); Isla Cabras. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 1400 feet (Dondon).
57
(13) Ameiva chrysolaema richardthomasi Schwartz and Klinikowski
Ameiva chrysolaema richardthomasi Schwartz and Klinikowski, 1966, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 133(10):455. Type-locality: Environs of Mano juan, Isla Saona, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 77235.
Distribution. Isla Saona.
(14) Ameiva chrysolaema secessa Schwartz and Klinikowski
Ameiva chrysolaema secessa Schwartz and Klinikowski, 1966, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 133(10):467. Type-locality: Etroits, He de la Gon^ve, Haiti. Holotype:
MCZ 77238.
Distribution, lie de la Gontve.
(15) Ameiva chrysolaema umbratilis Schwartz and Klinikowski
Ameiva chrysolaema umbratilis Schwartz and Klinikowski, 1966, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 133(10) :437. Type-locality: Barahona, Barahona Province, Re- pi5blica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 77231.
Distribution. Republica Dominicana, in the Valle de Neiba, from Jimanfto the vicinity of the type-locality.
(16) Ameiva chrysolaema woodi Cochran
Ameiva chrysolaema woodi Cochran, 1934, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8:181. Type-locality: He de la Tortue. Holotype: MCZ 37583.
Ameiva chrysolaema juliae Barbour, 1935, Zoologica 19(3):127; lapsus.
Distribution. He de la Tortue.
AMEIVA CINERACEA Barbour and Noble
Ameiva cineracea Barbour and Noble, 1915, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 59(6):453. Type-locality: Grand llet off Petit-Bourg on the east coast of Basse-Terre, Guadeloupe. Holotype: MCZ 10577.
Distribution. Known only from the type-locality, now apparently extinct.
AMEIVA CORVINA Cope
Ameiva corvina Cope, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 13:312. Type- locality: Sombrero Island. Syntypes: ANSP 9115-30, MCZ 10525, MCZ 5531,
MCZ 3613, MCZ 52215-16.
Distribution. Sombrero I.
AMEIVA DORSALIS Gray
Ameiva dorsalis Gray, 1838, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 1(1):277. Type-locality:
South America (in error) and Jamaica. Holotype: BMNH 111.11a.
Ameiva sloanei Dumeril and Bibron, 1839, Erp. G^n. 5:107. Type-locality: Jamaica. Syntypes: MNHN 2646, MNHN 4171.
Distribution. Known from widely scattered, primarily coastal localities around Jamaica, including Pigeon I. east of the Portland Peninsula. Specimens reputedly from the Bogue Is. near Montego Bay may be from the town of Montego Bay, where the species occurs.
AMEIVA ERYTHROCEPHALA Daudin
Ameiva erythrocephala Daudin, 1802, Hist. Nat. Rept. 3:22. Type-locality: St. Christopher. Holotype: Unlocated.
Ameiva erythrops Cope, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 23:221. Type- locality: St. Eustatius. Syntypes: ANSP 9892-96.
Ameiva punctata Gray, 1838, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 1(1):277. Type-locality: Demerara. Holotype: BMNH 1946.8.30.40.
Ameiva major var. flaviceps Bocourt, 1874, Miss. Sci. Mex., Rept. 4:246. Type- locality: Cayenne. Holotype: MNHN 4172.
Distribution. St. Eustatius, St. Christopher, Nevis.
AMEIVA EXSUL Cope
Ameiva plei var. exsul Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:66. Type- locality: Water Island, near St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands. Holotype:
USNM 30696.
Ameiva riisei Reinhardt and Liitken, 1863, Vid. Meddel. naturhist. Foren.
Kbenhaven 1862:232. Type-locality: St. Thomas, St. Croix, St. John, Water I., Vieques, Puerto Rico; restricted by Bocourt, 1874, Miss. Sci. Mex., Rept. 4, pi. XX, B, figs. 3-3c, to St. Thomas, this restriction followed by Stejneger, 1904, Rept. U.S. Natl. Mus. 1902:613. Syntypes: UZM R.4336-37 (St. Thomas), R.4339 (Water I.), R.4338 (Vieques), R. 4340-43, R. 4346-48 (St. John), R. 4349-51 (Puerto Rico), R.4352-54, R.4344-45 (West Indies).
Ameiva exul (sic): Stejneger, 1904, Rept. U.S. Natl. Mus. 1902:612.
(1) Ameiva exsul exsul Cope, new combination
Ameiva birdorum Grant, 1932, J. Dept. Agr. Puerto Rico 16(2) :160. Type- locality: Cayo Diablo (= Cayo La Llave), off Fajardo, Puerto Rico. Holotype: UMMZ 73854.
Distribution. The Puerto Rico Bank, except Isla Mona and Isla Desecheo. Widespread on Puerto Rico at low to moderate elevations around the periphery of the island, penetrating inland to Caguas, Utuado, and the vicinity of Lares; also the satellite islets of Puerto Rico: Cayo Cardona, Isla Caja de Muertos, Platillo (= Isla Morrillito), Isla de Cabras off San Juan, Cayo Batata, Cayo Santiago, Levin's Rock, Cayo Algodones, Isla Cabras, Isla PirTeros, Cabeza de Perro, Isla de Ramos, Cayo Ahogado, Isleta Marina, Cayo Palominitos, Cayo Palominos, Cayo Hicacos, Konyoki, Cayo Ratones, Cayo Lobos, Isla Blanquilla, Cayo Diablo (= Cayo La Llave). The islands east of Puerto Rico: Vieques (and satellites Cayo de Tierra and Cayo de Afuera), Culebra (and Cayo Norte and Isla Culebrita), St. Thomas (and Saba, Dutchman Cap, Salt Cay, Savanna I.,
Inner Brass I., Outer Brass I., Water I., Hassel I., Thatch Cay, Great St. James I., Little St. James I., Dog I., Prickly Pear Cay, Bovoni Cay, Cas Cay, and Rotto Cay), St. John (and Mingo Cay, Lovango Cay, Leduck I., Flanagan I.), Sandy Cay off Jost Van Dyke, Tortola (and Guana I., Little Camanoe I., Great Camanoe I., Beef I., Marina Cay, Scrub I.), Peter I., Dead Man's Chest, Salt I., Cooper I., Virgin Gorda (and Mosquito I.), Necker I., and Anegada. Altitudinal distribution from sea level at many localities to 1200 feet (5 mi. NE Lares,
Puerto Rico).
(2) Ameiva exsul alboguttata Boulenger, new combination
Ameiva alboguttata Boulenger, 1896, Jahresber. Naturw. Ver. Magdeburg 1894-1896:112. Type-locality: Isla Mona. Holotype: BMNH 1946.8.30.35.
Distribution: Isla Mona.
59
(3) Ameiva exsul desechensis Heatwole and Torres, new combination
Ameiva desechensis Heatwole and Torres, 1967, Stud. Fauna Curacao and Caribbean Is. 24(92):95. Type-locality: Isla Desecheo. Holotype: mCZ 100041.
Distribution. Isla Desecheo.
REMARKS. Although Heatwole and Torres (1967) considered alboquttata and desechensis as species distinct from A. exsul, we feel that their close relation- ships warrant use of trinomials.
AMEIVA FUSCATA Carman
Ameiva fuscata Carman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19;5. Type-locality: Dominica. Syntypes: MCZ 6087.
Ameiva brachiosquamatum Cope, 1892, in Verrill, Trans. Connecticut Acad. 8:352. Type-locality: Dominica. Holotype: Unlocated.
Distribution. Dominica.
AMEIVA GRISWOLDI Barbour
Ameiva griswoldi Barbour, 1916, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 29:216. Type-locality: St. John's, St. John Parish, Antigua. Holotype: MCZ 11945.
Distribution. The Antigua Bank: Barbuda, Antigua and its satellites (Long I.,
Great Bird I., Green I.).
AMEIVA LEBERI Schwartz and Klinikowski, new combination
Ameiva chrysolaema leberi Schwartz and Klinikowski, 1966, Bull. Mus. Comp.
Zool. 133(10) :459. Type-locality: 5 km E Pedernales, Pedernales Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 77236.
Distribution. Hispaniola, from Tean near Saltrou, Dept, de I'Ouest, Haiti, east across the Peninsula de Barahona, Republica Dominicana, to the vicinity of Oviedo.
REMARKS. Although described as a subspecies of A. chrysolaema, additional collections from the Peninsula de Barahona indicate that A. ch. ficta and A. leberi are broadly syntopic without intergradation for about 30 kilometers along the Pedernales-Oviedo road, and A. leberi occurs at the type-locality of A. ch. ficta. See Schwartz and Klinikowski (1966, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool.
133(10) :463-464) for a discussion of specimens available at that time.
AMEIVA LINEOLATA Dum^ril and Bibron
Ameiva lineolata Dum/ril and Bibron, 1839, Erp. Gen. 5:119. Type-locality: St.- DominRue; restricted by Schwartz, 1966, Caribbean j. Sci. 5(1/2):47, to the Cul de Sac Plain in the vicinity of Port-au-Prince, Departement de I’Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: MNHN 2644.
(1) Ameiva lineolata lineolata Dumeril and Bibron
Ameiva lineolata lineolata: Mertens. 1939, Abh. senckenberg. Naturf. Ges.(449):73.
Distribution. Hispaniola: from GonaTves and Dessalines. Dept, de I’Artibonite, Haiti, in the northwest, south to Port-au-Prince, east across the Cul de Sac-Valle de Neiba plain (including the southern slopes of the Montagnes du Trou-d’Eau) into the Llanos de Azua. Republica Dominicana, east to the vicinity of Bam; also the Valle de San luan to Banica on the Dominico-Haitian border: lie a Cabrit in the Golfe de la Gonave. Altitudinal distribution from sea level and below to 1800 feet (Fond Michelle and Terre Rouge, both in the Montagnes du Trou-d’EauU
60
(2) Ameiva lineolata beatensis Noble
Ameiva beatensis Noble, Amer. Mus. Novitates (64):2. Type-locality: Isla Beata, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: AMNH 24328.
Ameiva lineolata beatensis: Mertens, 1939, Abb. senckenberg. Naturf. Ges. (449) :73.
Distribution. Isla Beata.
(3) Ameiva lineolata meracula Schwartz
Ameiva lineolata meracula Schwartz. 1966. Caribbean |. Sci. 5(1/2):51. Type- locality: Monte Cristi, Monte Cristi Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: AMNH 39486.
Distribution. Reoublica Dominicana. in the arid Valle de Cibao. from Monte Cristi southeast to near Los Ouemados. Valverde Province: Isla Cabras.
(4) Ameiva lineolata perplicata Schwartz
Ameiva lineolata perplicata Schwartz. 1966. Caribbean I. Sci. 5(1/2);49. Type- locality: Mole St. Nicholas. Departement du Nord Quest. Haiti. Holotype:
MCZ 63344.
Distribution. Known onlv from the tvpe-localitv.
(5) Ameiva lineolata privigna Schwartz
Ameiva lineolata privigna Schwartz. 1966. Caribbean |. Sci. 5(1/2):55. Type- locality: 5 km N Pedernales. Pedernales Province, Repi^blica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 77223.
Distribution. Southern Haiti, from Saltrou west to 10 km NW Oviedo,
Pedernales Province. Republica Dominicana.
(6) Ameiva lineolata semota Schwartz
Ameiva lineolata semota Schwartz, 1966, Caribbean ). Sci. 5(1/2):53. Type- locality: Isla Catalina. La Romana Province. Reoublica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 77222.
Distribution. Isla Catalina.
AMEIVA MAJOR Dumeril and Bibron
Ameiva major Dumeril and Bibron. 1839. Erp. Gen. 5:117. Type-locality: "Cayenne” (probably in error) and "Trinite” (probably Trinite, Martinique). Lectotype: MNHN 1491 from ^'Trinite”; designated by Baskin and Williams, 1966, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 23(89):175.
Distribution. Probably Martinique, apparently now extinct.
AMEIVA MAYNARDI Carman
Ameiva maynardii Carman. 1888, Bull, Essex Inst. 20:10. Type-locality: Great Inagua Island, Bahama Islands. Syntypes: MCZ 6225.
(1) Ameiva maynardi maynardi Carman
Ameiva maynardii maynardii: Noble and Klingel. 1932, Amer. Mus. Novitates (549): 21.
Amiva leucomelas Cope. 1895. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 46:436. Type- locality: Great Inagua Island. Bahama Islands. Syntypes: ANSP 26120-21.
Distribution. Bahama Islands: Great Inagua I., north and west coast, from Mathew Town to Union Creek.
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(2) Ameiva maynardi parvinaguae Barbour and Shreve
Ameiva maynardii parvinaguae Barbour and Shreve, 1936, Proc. New Eng- land Zool. Club 16:3. Type-locality: Little Inagua Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: MCZ 42039.
Distribution: Bahama Islands: Little Inagua I.
(3) Ameiva maynardi uniformis Noble and Klingel
Ameiva maynardii uniformis Noble and Klingel, 1932, Amer. Mus. Novitates (549):23. Type-locality: Canfield Bav, Great Inagua Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: AMNH 45404.
Distribution. Bahama Islands: Great Inagua I.. eastern and southern portions: intergradation between A. m. maynardi and A. m. uniformis occurs in southwestern Great Inagua, at South West Point and Salt Pond Hill.
AMEIVA PLEEI Dumeril and Bibron
Ameiva pleii Dumeril and Bibron. 1839. Erp. Gen. 5:114. Type-locality: Martinique (in error). Syntypes: MNHN 1784. MNHN 2648. MNHN 4163.
Ameiva analifera Cope, 1869, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 19:8. Type-locality: St.- Martin and St.-Barthllemv. Syntypes: ANSP 9065, ANSP 9072-81.
Ameiva garmani Barbour, 1914, Men. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2):312. Type-locality: Anguilla. Holotype: MCZ 6141.
Ameiva nevisana Schmidt, 1929, Proc. Linn. Soc. New York 33:1. Type-locality: “Nevis;” Baskin and Williams, 1966, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 23(89):159 noted that the holotype of nevisana is a specimen of A. pleei, which does not occur on Nevis. Holotype: AMNH 1653.
Distribution. Anguilla (and Scrub I., Little Scrub I., and Dog I.), St. -Martin (and Tintamarre I.), and St.-Barthelemv (and lie Fourchue, He Chevreau, He Toe Vers, and lie Fregate).
AMEIVA PLUVIANOTATA Carman
Ameiva pluvianotata Garman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:6. Type-locality: Plymouth, St. Anthony’s Parish, Montserrat. Syntypes: MCZ 6086.
(1) Ameiva pluvianotata pluvianotata Garman. new combination Distribution. Montserrat.
(2) Ameiva pluvianotata atrata Garman, new combination
Ameiva atrata Garman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:8. Type-locality: Redonda Island. Holotype: MCZ 6084.
Distribution. Redonda I.
AMEIVA POLOPS Cope
Ameiva polops Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:66. Type-locality:
St. Croix, U. S. Virgin Islands. Holotype: USNM 30695.
Ameiva orstedii Reinhardt and Lutken, 1863, Vid. Meddel. naturhist. Foren.
K^^benhavn 1862:232. Type-locality: St. Croix and St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands. Syntypes: UZM R.4356 (St. Croix), R.4355 (St. John).
Distribution. St. Croix (possibly extinct) and the offshore islets Green Cay and Protestant Cay; introduced on Buck I. in 1968 but apparently very rare or absent there in 1974.
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AMEIVA TAENIURA Cope
Ameiva taeniura Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:63. Type- locality: Near Jeremie, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: Unknown; not MCZ 3614 as stated by Barbour and Loveridge, 1929, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 69(10):214.
(1) Ameiva taeniura taeniura Cope
Ameiva taeniura taeniura: Mertens, 1939, Abh. senckenberg. naturf. Ges. (449); 72.
Distribution. The northern and western portions of the Tiburon Peninsula in Haiti, from Marfranc east to Miragoane and vicinity; inland, in the eastern portion of its range, to the vicinity of Fond des Negres and St. Michel du Sud; Crosse Caye; specimens from He Petite Cayemite are tentatively referred to A. t. taeniura.
(2) Ameiva taeniura aequorea Schwartz
Ameiva taeniura aequorea Schwartz, 1967, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 135(6):353. Type-locality: Western end, lle-a-Vache, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 81086.
Distribution. lle-a-Vache.
(3) Ameiva taeniura azuae Schwartz
Ameiva taeniura azuae Schwartz, 1967, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 135(6) :361. Type-locality: 22 km NW Azua, Azua Province, Republica Dominicana. Holo- type: MCZ 81078.
Distribution. Known only from the type-locality.
(4) Ameiva taeniura barbouri Cochran
Ameiva barbouri Cochran, 1928, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 41:56. Type- locality: La Source, lie de la Gonave, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 25537.
Ameiva taeniura barbouri: Mertens, 1939, Abh. senckenberg. naturf. Ges.
(449): 72.
Distribution, lie de la Gonave and the vicinity of Trou Forban, Dept, de I'Ouest, Haiti.
(5) Ameiva taeniura ignobilis Schwartz
Ameiva taeniura ignobilis Schwartz, 1967, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 135(6) :365. Type-locality: 14.4 km E La Vega, La Vega Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 81081.
Distribution. Republica Dominicana; from south of Martm Garcia and La Vega in the west, east to the tip of the Peninsula de Samana; apparently also on the north coast at Puerto Plata but no recent records from that region.
(6) Ameiva taeniura meyerabichi Mertens
Ameiva taeniura meyerabichi Mertens, 1950, Senckenbergiana 31(1/2):4. Type- locality: Constanza, about 1200 meters. Cordillera Central, La Vega Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: SMF 26542.
Ameiva taeniura algida Schwartz, 1967, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 135(6);367. Type-locality: 1 mi. (1.6 km) WSW Constanza, 4000 feet (1220 meters). La Vega Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 81082.
Distribution. Known only from the vicinity of Constanza in the Cordillera Central.
(7) Ameiva taeniura navassae Schmidt
Ameiva navassae Schmidt, 1919, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 41(12);524. Type- locality: Navassa Island. Holotype: AMNH 12607.
Ameiva taeniura navassae: Schwartz, 1967, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 135(6):354. Distribution. Navassa Island.
(8) Ameiva taeniura pentamerinthus Schwartz
Ameiva taeniura pentamerinthus Schwartz, 1968, Herpetologica 24(1):21. Type- locality: Vicinity of Pointe Sable, He Grande Cayemite, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 92047.
Distribution. He Grande Cayemite.
(9) Ameiva taeniura regnatrix Schwartz
Ameiva taeniura regnatrix Schwartz, 1967, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 135(6) :351. Type-locality: Camp Perrin, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 81072.
Distribution. Extreme southwestern Tiburon Peninsula, Haiti, from Carrefour Canon and Camp Perrin in the west, east to the vicinity of Cavaillon.
(10) Ameiva taeniura rosamondae Cochran
Ameiva rosamondae Cochran, 1934, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8:179. Type-locality: Isla Saona, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 37567.
Ameiva taeniura rosamondae: Mertens, 1939, Abh. senckenberg. naturf. Ges. (449) :72.
Distribution. Isla Saona.
(11) Ameiva taeniura tofacea Schwartz
Ameiva taeniura tofacea Schwartz, 1967, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 135(6) :362. Type-locality: Mouth of Rio Chavon, west side. La Romana Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 81079.
Distribution. Republica Dominicana; from Tres Ojos, Distrito Nacional, east to the mouth of the Rio Chavon; specimens from "Santo Domingo” and Tres Ojos may be assignable to a subspecies other than A. t. tofacea; a single specimen from "San Francisco Mountains, 2500 feet” is close to A. t. tofacea and may represent an interior locality for this subspecies.
(12) Ameiva taeniura vafra Schwartz
Ameiva taeniura vafra Schwartz, 1967, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 135(6) :363. Type-locality: 0.5 mi. (0.8 km) NW Boca de Yuma, La Altagracia Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 81080.
Distribution. Extreme eastern Republica Dominicana, from the vicinity of Playa El Coco on the north coast, around Cabo Engal^o to the type-locality, all in La Altagracia Province.
(13) Ameiva taeniura varica Schwartz
Ameiva taeniura varica Schwartz, 1967, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 135(6) :355. Type-locality: Morne Calvaire, 1 mi. (1.6 km) SW P^tionville, 2300 feet (701 meters), Departement de I’Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 81076.
Distribution. Haiti; from Petit Goave to P^tionville on the north coast of the Tiburon Peninsula, into the uplands to Furcy and Belle Fontaine; on the south side of the Massif de la Selle from Terre Noire, 12 mi. SW jacmel, Bas Cap Rouge, and Marbial, east to between Cayes Jacmel and Marigot. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 5600 feet (Furcy).
(14) Ameiva taeniura vulcanalis Schwartz
Ameiva taeniura vulcanalis Schwartz, 1967, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 135(6) :358. Type-locality: 5 mi. (8 km) NE Oviedo, Pedernales Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 81077.
Distribution. From the vicinity of Saltrou, extreme southeastern Haiti, east across the Peninsula de Barahona (south of the Sierra de Baoruco but ascend- ing to moderate elevations in that range) in the Republica Dominicana to Oviedo; northward along the coast to Barahona and west along the north flank of the Sierra de Baoruco to El Naranjo, and to Soliette, 3.8 mi. NW Fond Verrettes, on the north face of the Massif de la Selle in Haiti, and east around the Bahia de Neiba to Punta Martm Garcia. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 2600 feet (Las Mercedes, Pedernales Province, Republica Dominicana).
REMARKS. A. taeniura has also been collected (in Haiti) near Plaisance,
Dondon, and Limbe, Dept, du Nord, at St. Michel de PAtalaye, Dept, de I’Artibonite, at Terre Rouge, 13 mi. S. Mirebalais, Dept, de POuest, and 11 mi. SW Seguin, Dept, de POuest, at 1400 feet on the southern slopes of the Massif de la Selle, and (in the Repijblica Dominicana) 1 km S Loma de Cabrera and Restauracion, Dajabon Province, near Rancho Arriba, Peravia Province, near Vallejuelo, San juan Province, southeast of Cambita Garabitas, San Cristobal Province, west of jayaco and southeast of Bonao, La Vega Province, and on Isla Catalina. Individuals of this species have been observed, but not collected, south of Villa Anacaona on the Carretera Internacional. The taxonomic status of all these populations remains unknown. There is also a possibility that A. taeniura from the Peninsula de Samana are not correctly associated with more interior A. t. ignobiUs, and the subspecies of A. taeniura east of the Rio Ozama along the southern Dominican coast as far as 14 km SE Boca Chica,
San Pedro de Macorls Province, is uncertain.
AMEIVA WETMOREI
Ameiva wetmorei Stejneger, 1913, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 26:69. Type-locality: Above Rio Loco, Guanica, Puerto Rico. Holotype: USNM 49731.
Ameiva wetmorei eleanorae Grant and Roosevelt, 1932, j. Dept. Agr. Puerto Rico 16(1):48. Type-locality: Isla Caja de Muertos. Holotype: UMMZ 73861.
Distribution. Southwestern Puerto Rico from Cabo Rojo east to Punta Ventana southwest of Guanica, north to 4 mi. E Sabana Grande and the type- locality; also the offshore islets of Magueyes and Caja de Muertos.
ANOLIS ACUTUS Hallowell
Anolis acutus Hallowell, 1857, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 18:228. Type- locality: "Cuba?" Restricted by Lazell, 1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1):23, to Christiansted, St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. Holotype: Unlocated; Barbour, 1930, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 70(3):112, stated that it was in the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, but Malnate, 1971, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 123(9):345 did not list it, and Lazell (1972:23) was unable to locate the holotype.
Anolis newtonii Gunther, 1859, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 3(4):212. Type-locality: St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. Syntypes: BMNH 1946.8.12.44-.45, BMNH
1946.8.12.48-.49, BMNH 1946.8.12.55, ZMB 4239?
Distribution. The St. Croix Bank: known from St. Croix, Buck I., Protestant Cay and Green Cay. Lazell (1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1):25) stated,"... throughout St. Croix itself and on the coastal cays."
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ANOLIS AENEUS Gray
Anolis aeneus Gray, 1840, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 1(5):114. Type-locality: Not given; restricted by Lazell, 1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1):79, to Pointe Saline, St. George Parish, Grenada. Holotype: BMNH 1946.8.28.7.
Anolis gentilis Carman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:34. Type-locality: Petite
Martinique I., Grenadines. Syntypes: ANSP 23006, USNM 39295, MCZ 6163. Anolis roquet var. cinereus Carman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:35. Type-locality:
St. George, St. George's Parish, Grenada. Syntypes: MCZ 6182.
Distribution. The Grenada Bank: Bequia I., lie Quatre, Battowia I., Baliceau I., Mustique I., Petite Mustique I., Savan I., Petite Cannouan I., Mayreau I., Catholic I., Tobago Cays, Union I., Prune I., Petite Martinique I., Middle Cay of Les Tantes Is., Kick 'em Jenny I., second westernmost of the Sisters of lle-a- Ronde, lle-a-Caille, Cabret I., Grenada and its satellites Sugarloaf I. (= Levera I.), Green I., Sandy I., and Glover I. Introduced on Trinidad (and Gasparee I.) and in Guyana.
ANOLIS AHU Barbour
Anolis ahli Barbour, 1925, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 5:168. Type-locality: Electric plant, 1500 feet. Sierra de Trinidad, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holo- type: MCZ 19905.
Distribution. Cuba: Sierra de Trinidad, known from Salto de Hanabanilla, south of Manicaragua, San Bias, La Mariposa, Mina Carlota, Topes de Collantes, and west and north of Trinidad.
REMARKS. A. ahli may be a subspecies of A. allogus; see REMARKS under the latter species.
ANOLIS ALINIGER Mertens
Anolis chloro-cyanus aliniger Mertens, 1939, Abh. senckenberg. naturf. Ges.
(449) :66. Type-locality: Below Paso Bajito, about 900 meters elevation. La Vega Province, Republica Dominican. Holotype: SME 25825.
Anolis aliniger: Williams, 1965, Breviora (227) :2.
Distribution. Hispaniola: Republica Dominicana in the Cordillera Central ^ from the Dominico-Haitian border (south of Loma de Cabrera) east to the Rio Bao in Santiago Province, into the uplands of this range (Paso Bajito, La Palma, Constanza, Maldonado, Limoncito) and onto its southern face (Carpintero and San Jose de Ocoa); the Sierra de Neiba (between Las Matas de Farfan and El Cercado, northwest of Vallejuelo, east of Hondo Valle) in San Juan and La Estrelleta provinces; the Cordillera Septentrional (5 km N Puesto Grande); also in Haiti from Furcy on the Montagne Noire and For^t des Pins, Savane Zombi, and Thiotte on the Massif de la Selle. Altitudinal distribution from 1600 feet (Rio Bao) to 4000 feet (Constanza) in the Republica Dominicana, and between 2970 feet and 4225 feet in Haiti. Common in the Cordillera Central, less so in the Sierra de Neiba and the Cordillera Septentrional, and apparently rare in the Haitian mountains.
ANOLIS ALUSONI Barbour
Anolis allisoni Barbour, 1928, Proc. New England Zool. Club 10:58. Type-locality:
Isla de Roatan, Islas de la Bahia, Honduras. Holotype: MCZ 26725.
Distribution. Islas de la Bahfa (Isla de Roatan, Isla de Guanaja); Half Moon Cay and Turneffe Islands off the coast of Belize; in the Antilles, occurring on Cuba from Los Palos-Nueva Paz, Habana Province, the Penfnsula de Zapata, and Cardenas and Punta Hicacos, Matanzas Province, in the west, east to western Oriente Province (Birama, Omaja, San Ramon, Manzanillo).
REMARKS. Hybridization between A. allisoni and A. porcatus occurs in the area around Cabo Cruz, Oriente Province, and apparently also in the vicinity of Gibara^ Oriente Province, although typical A. allisoni occurs in the area of Holguin and to the south of that city. For a comprehensive account of variation in the disjunct populations of A. allisoni, see Ruibal and Williams (1961, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 125(7):183-208).
ANOLIS ALLOGUS Barbour and Ramsden
Anolis allogus Barbour and Ramsden, 1919, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 47(2):159. Type-locality: Bueycito, near Bayamo (Sierra Maestra), Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 8544.
Anolis abatus Ahl, 1924, Zool. Archiv. f. Naturgesch. 90:248. Type-locality: Cuba. Holotype: ZMB 6965.
Distribution. Cuba: from the Penmsula de Guanahacabibes (Vallecito de San juan) east through the Sierra de los Organos and the Sierra del Rosario to the Escaleras de jaruco (west of jaruco) in Pinar del Rio and Habana provinces;
San Miguel de los Bagnos in Matanzas Province; San Felipe, Arroyo Blanco in Las Villas Province; Camaguey and Oriente provinces, from Loma de Cunagua and Moron in the west to the eastern tip of the island (Rio Ovando, Rm Yumari, Cabo Maisi).
REMARKS. The relationships between A. allogus and A. ahli are not clear. Schwartz (1968, Tulane Stud. Zool. 14(4):140-184) considered them allopatric species. Freshly-collected specimens from San Felipe and San Miguel de los BalTos have dewlaps that more resemble those of ahli than allogus, and are intermediate geographically between the two species. Additionally, lizards from Salto de Hanabanilla (considered ahli by Schwartz, loc. cit.) occupy an ecological situation similar to that of allogus and behaviorally resemble the latter species.
ANOLIS ALTAVELENSIS Noble and Hassler
Anolis dominicensis altavelensis Noble and Hassler, 1933, Amer. Mus. Novitates (652) :9. Type-locality: Isla Alto Velo, Republica Dominicana. Holotype:
AMNH 51050.
Anolis altavelensis: Schwartz, 1968, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2):258.
Distribution. Isla Alto Velo
ANOLIS ALUTACEUS Cope
Anolis (Dracontura) alutaceus Cope, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 13:212. Type-locality: Monte Verde, Oriente Province, Cuba. Syntypes: MCZ 10932; questionably USNM 27485-87.
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(1) Anolis alutaceus alutaceus Cope
Anolis alutaceus alutaceus: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2):124.
Distribution. Central and eastern Cuba, from extreme northeastern Las Villas Province (San Jose del Lago; Mayajigua) throughout Camaguey and Oriente provinces.
(2) Anolis alutaceus saltatus Peters
Anolis alutaceus saltatus Peters, 1970, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin 46(1) :217. Type- locality: Arroyo La Mariposa, Sierra de Trinidad, 4 km NW Topes de Collantes, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: ZMB 41868.
Distribution. Western Cuba, from Pinar del Rio Province east to the vicinity of the type-locality.
REMARKS. A. alutaceus also occurs on the Isla de Pinos, but the latest reviser of the species (Peters, op. cit.) did not assign the Isla de Pinos specimens to subspecies. On zoogeographic grounds they probably pertain to A. alutaceus saltatus.
ANOLIS ANGUSTICEPS Hallowell
Anolis augusticeps (sic) Hallowell, 1856, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 8:228. Type-locality: Cienfuegos, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: ANSP 7789.
(1) Anolis angusticeps angusticeps Hallowell
Anolis angusticeps angusticeps: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool.
82(2):128.
Distribution. Cuba; islandwide primarily at low elevations; Isla de Pinos south of the Cj,enaga de Lanier (known only from the vicinity of Punta del Este); Archipielago de Sabana-Camaguey (Cayo Lanzanillo, Cayo Frances, Cayo las Brujas, Cayo Santa Maria, Cayo Guillermo); Archipielago de los Canarreos (Cayo Cantiles); Cayos de San Felipe (Cayo Real, Cayo de San Felipe).
(2) Anolis angusticeps oligaspis Cope
Anolis oligaspis Cope, 1894, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 46:430. Type- locality: New Providence Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: ANSP 26119.
Anolis angusticeps oligaspis: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2):128. Anolis angusticeps chickcharneyi Oliver, 1948, Amer. Mus. Novitates (1383) :2. Type-locality: Western end of South Bimini Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: AMNH 68620.
Distribution. Bahama Is.: North Bimini I., South Bimini I., Andros I., Berry Is. (Frazer’s Hog Cay), New Providence I., Eleuthera I., Great Exuma I., Long I.,
Cat. I.
ANOLIS ARGENTEOLUS Cope
Anolis (Gastrotropis) argenteolus Cope, 1861, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 13:213. Type-locality: Monte Verde, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype:
Formerly in USNM, now lost.
Distribution. Cuba: known from southeastern Camaguey Province (northeast of Santa Cruz del Sur) and Oriente Province (Cabo Cruz to mouth of Rio Yumuri); not restricted to coastal localities since recorded from Bueycito, Miranda, Pinares de Mayan, Monte Iberia, Duaba Arriba, and Los Negros in Oriente Province, in the northern foothills of, and north of, the Sierra Maestra.
ANGUS ARGILLACEUS Cope
Anolis (Acantholis) argillaceus Cope, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:176. Type-locality: Monte Verde, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: Formerly in USNM, now lost.
Distribution. Cuba; islandwide, although apparently most abundant in Oriente Province; Archipielago de Sabana-Camaguey (Cayo las Brujas, Cayo Santa Maria); Isla de Pinos (Sierra de Casas, Nueva Gerona).
ANOLIS BAHORUCOENSIS Noble and Hassler
Anolis bahorucoensis Noble and Flassler, 1933, Amer. Mus. Novitates (652):11. Type-locality: Valle de Polo, Barahona Province, Republica Dominicana. Holo- type: AMNH 51128.
Anolis hendersoni baharucoensis (sic): Williams, 1963, Breviora (186) :6,
Distribution. Hispaniola: the Sierra de Baoruco in the Republica Dominicana, west to the region between Pedernales and Los Arroyos on the Dominico- Haitian border, and into southeastern Haiti on the southern slopes of the Massif de la Selle (road to Saltrou; 4 mi. SW Seguin). Altitudinal distribution from 150 feet (6.4 km SW La Cienaga) to 4600 feet (3 km NE Los Arroyos).
ANGUS BALEATUS Cope
Eupristis baleatus Cope, 1864, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 16:168. Type- locality: Santo Domingo; restricted by Schwartz, 1974, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 146(2):119, to the vicinity of Puerto Plata, Puerto Plata Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: BMNH 1946.8.29.22.
Anolis ricordii baleatus: Mertens, 1939, Abh. senckenberg. naturf. Ges. (449) :68. Anolis baleatus: Schwartz, 1974, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 146(2) :119.
(1) Anolis baleatus baleatus Cope
Anolis baleatus baleatus: Schwartz, 1974, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 146(2):119.
Distribution. Hispaniola; the Republica Dominicana in the Cordillera Septentrional and the northern coastal plain, from Puerto Plata, Espaillat, and Santiago provinces; although known only in the Cordillera Septentrional from north of Puesto Grande, presumably more widely distributed. Specimens from Los Bracitos, Duarte Province, in the eastern portion of the range apparently are not A. b. baleatus.
(2) Anolis baleatus caeruleolatus Schwartz
Anolis baleatus caeruleolatus Schwartz, 1974, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 146(2) :126. Type-locality: 1.0 mi. (1.6 km) S CarTo Abajo, Marla Trinidad Sanchez Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: USNM 193976.
Distribution. Republica Dominicana; in the northeast from Duarte, Sanchez Ramirez, La Vega, and northern and eastern San Cristobal provinces to the base of the Penmsula de Samana; intergrades with A. b. scelestus in the region of El Seibo Province.
(3) Anolis baleatus fraudator Schwartz
Anolis baleatus fraudator Schwartz, 1974, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 146(2):139. Type-locality: 4 km W, 6 km N Azua, Azua Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: USNM 193978.
Distribution. Republica Dominicana; the Sierra Martm Garcia in Barahona and Azua provinces, and along the southern slopes of the Cordillera Central and the Sierra de Ocoa in Azua and Peravia provinces.
(4) Anolis baleatus litorisilva Schwartz
Anolis baleatus litorisilva Schwartz, 1974, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 146(2) ;133. Type-locality: 1.2 km SSW Punta Cana, La Altagracia Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: USNM 193977.
Distribution. Extreme eastern Republica Dominicana in La Altagracia Province, from Punta Cana to the vicinity of Boca de Yuma.
(5) Anolis baleatus multistruppus Schwartz
Anolis baleatus multistruppus Schwartz, 1974, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 146(2);121. Type-locality: Guaigui, 3 mi. (4.8 km) S La Vega, La Vega Province, 300 feet (92 meters), Republica Dominicana. Holotype: USNM 193975.
Distribution. Republica Dominicana; the lower eastern slopes of the Cordillera Central and associated lowlands, from the type-locality in the north to south- east of Piedra Blanca in the south; questionably reported from northern slopes of the Cordillera Central at the Rio Bao near Los Montones.
(6) Anolis baleatus samanae Schwartz
Anolis baleatus samanae Schwartz, 1974, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 146(2) :130. Type-locality: 7.6 mi. (12.2 km) NE s/nchez, 1000 feet (305 meters), Samana Province, Repi^blica Dominicana. Holotype: CM 54105.
Distribution. The Peninsula de Samana in the Republica Dominicana, and apparently islets in the Bahia de Samana (Cayo Hondo).
(7) Anolis baleatus scelestus Schwartz
Anolis baleatus scelestus Schwartz, 1974, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 146(2):135. Type-locality: 5.1 mi. (8.2 km) E Santo Domingo (from Rio Ozama), Distrito Nacional, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: CM 54106.
Distribution. Southeastern Republica Dominicana, from the Sierra de Yamasa and vicinity of Santo Domingo in the west, to the region about Higuey and Las Lisas, La Altagracia Province, in the east.
(8) Anolis baleatus sublimis Schwartz
Anolis baleatus sublimis Schwartz, 1974, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 146(2);124. Type-locality: 0.3 mi. (0.5 km) E El Rio, 3800 feet (1159 meters). La Vega Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: CM 54104.
Distribution. Republica Dominicana; uplands of the Cordillera Central in the area between El Rio, La Palma, and Manabao. Altitudinal distribution between 2000 feet and 4000 feet.
REMARKS. A. baleatus is also known from Rancho Arriba, Peravia Province, and Isla Saona, Republica Dominicana; both populations remain unassigned subspecifically.
ANOLIS BARACOAE Schwartz
Anolis equestris baracoae Schwartz, 1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 131(12):419.
Type-locality: Baracoa, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 57404.
Anolis baracoae: Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Eauna Curacao and Caribbean Is. 39(134):66. ^
Distribution. Cuba; extreme eastern Oriente Province, east of a line drawn between Nuevo Mundo south of Moa and Cabo Maisi.
ANOLIS BARAHONAE Will iams
Anolis ricordii barahonae Williams, 1962, Breviora (155) :8. Type-locality: Polo,
Valle de Polo, Barahona Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 43819. Anolis barahonae: Schwartz, 1974, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 146(2):114.
(1) Anolis barahonae barahonae Williams
Anolis barahonae barahonae: Schwartz, 1974, Bull, Mus. Comp, Zool. 146(2):114.
Distribution. Republica Dominicana; Sierra de Baoruco and associated south- eastern lowlands immediately adjacent to that range; also the extreme eastern portion of the Massif de la Selle in the Republica Dominicana (13 mi. N. Pedernales). Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 3200 feet.
(2) Anolis barahonae albocellatus Schwartz
Anolis barahonae albocellatus Schwartz, 1974, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool.
146(2):117. Type-locality: 13.1 mi. (21.0 km) SW Enriquillo, Pedernales Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 125611.
Distribution. Known only from the type-locality, but expected in xeric woods on the Peninsula de Barahona.
ANOLIS BARTSCHI Cochran
Deiroptyx bartschi Cochran, 1928, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 41:169. Type-local- ity: BalTos San Vicente, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: USNM 75805. Anolis bartschi: Etheridge, 1960, Univ. Microfilms Inc. Ph. D. thesis:93 (by inference).
Distribution. Western Cuba in Pinar del Rm Province, from vicinity of Isabel Rubio northeast to the type-locality; primarily restricted to upland localities in the Sierra de los Organos.
ANOLIS BIMACULATUS Sparrman
Lacerta bimaculata Sparrman, 1784, Nya Handl. Sven. Vet. Acad. Stockholm 5:169. Type-locality: St. Eustatius. Holotype: In the Museum de Geer Royal, Stockholm {fide Barbour, 1930, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 70(3):116).
Anolis bimaculata: Carman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:29.
(1) Anolis bimaculatus bimaculatus Sparrman
Anolis edwardsii Merrem, 1820, Tentamen Syst. Amp. :45. Type-locality: Nevis. Holotype: Un located.
Anolis reticulatus Gray, 1840, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 1(5):114. Type-locality: Unknown. Holotype: BMNH 1946.8.29.10.
Anolis mayeri Fowler, 1918, Publ. Carnegie Inst. Washington (252) :8. Type- locality: Virgin Islands (in error). Holotype: PU 3151.
Anolis bimaculatus bimaculatus: Underwood, 1959, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 121(5):197.
Distribution. St. Eustatius, St. Christopher, and Nevis.
(2) Anolis bimaculatus leachi Dumeril and Bibron
Anolis leachii Dumeril and Bibron, 1837, Erp. cSi. 4:153. Type-locality: "Antilles”; restricted by Lazell, 1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1):52, to St. John's, St. John Parish, Antigua. Holotype: MNHN 2454.
Anolis antiquae Barbour, 1915, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 28:74. Type- locality: St. John's, St. John Parish, Antigua. Holotype: MCZ 10624.
Anolis barbudensis Barbour, 1923, Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan (132):4. Type-locality: Barbuda. Holotype: MCZ 16167.
Anolis bimaculatus leachi: Underwood, 1959, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool.
121(5):198.
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Distribution. Barbuda, Antigua and its satellites Great Bird I., Long I.,
Green I., and York I.; introduced on Bermuda.
ANOUS BREMERI Barbour
Anolis bremeri Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2) :288. Type-locality: Herradura, Pinar del Rm Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 7889.
(1) Anolis bremeri bremeri Barbour
Anolis bremeri bremeri: Garrido, 1972, Caribbean J. Sci. 12(1/2) :62.
Distribution. Western Cuba in Pinar del Rm Province, from La Fe and Cayuco in the west to south of Taco Taco in the east.
(2) Anolis bremeri insulaepinorum Garrido
Anolis bremeri insulaepinorum Garrido, 1972, Caribbean J. Sci. 12(1/2);63. Type-locality: Hotel Colony, La Siguanea, Isla de Pinos. Holotype: IZ 1626.
Distribution. Isla de Pinos, north of the Cienaga de Lanier.
ANOUS BREVIROSTRIS Bocourt
Anolis brevirostris Bocourt, 1870, Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Paris 6:11. Type- locality: Haiti. Syntypes: MNHN 2467.
(1) Anolis brevirostris brevirostris Bocourt
Anolis brevirostris brevirostris: Schwartz, 1968, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2):257 (by inference).
Distribution. Hispaniola: in Haiti from the Dept, du Nord Quest (Mole St. Nicholas) and northwestern Dept, de TArtibonite (Marche aux Poteaux; between GonaTves and Ennery), south along the coast of the Golfe de la Gonave and east into the Cul de Sac Plain and the Dominican Valle de Neiba east to the Llanos de Azua (Limonal, Peravia Province) and onto the southern slopes of the Sierra de Ocoa; also the Valle de San Juan to near the Dominico-Haitian border at 1.5 mi. NW El Llano, La Estrelleta Province; the Peninsula de Barahona and southern slopes of the Sierra de Baoruco and along the southern coast of the Haitian Tiburon Peninsula west to jacmel; apparently isolated populations near je^relnie, at Grand Boucan on the Presqutle de Baraderes, and near Leogane on the northern ^hore of the Tiburon Peninsula. Altitudinal distribution from sea level and below (vicinity of Duverge) in the Valle de Neiba to about 3000 feet (Sierra Martm Garcia), but generally ranging to no more than 2300 feet.
(2) Anolis brevirostris caudalis Cochran
Anolis dominincensis caudalis Cochran, 1932, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 45:185. Type-locality: Nan Cafe, He de la Gonave, Haiti. Holotype:
USNM 76801.
Anolis brevirostris caudalis: Schwartz, 1968, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2) :257. Distribution, lie de la Gonave and He de la Petite Gonave.
(3) Anolis brevirostris wetmorei Cochran
Anolis dominicensis wetmorei Cochran, 1931, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 44:89. Type-locality: Isla Beata, Republica Dominicana. Holotype:
USNM 83881.
Anolis brevirostris wetmorei: Schwartz, 1968, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2):257.
Distribution. Isla Beata.
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REMARKS. Webster and Burns (1973, Evolution 27(3): 268-377) showed that most of the Haitian range herein ascribed to A. b. brevirostris actually represents three distinct species, but these entities remain unnamed.
Their analysis does not include details of the widespread Dominican populations of A. brevirostris. Even casual examination of both Dominican and Haitian specimens shows often striking differences in expression of the pair of black shoulder patches and dewlap coloration, and we have no doubt that there are several species and subspecies presently included under A. brevirostris. The apparently extremely disjunct populations at Grand Boucan and jeVemie are especially puzzling.
ANOLrS BRUNNEUS Cope
Anolis principalis brunneus Cope, 1895, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia
46:432. Type-locality: Crooked Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: ANSP 26118. Anolis brunneus: Barbour, 1910, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 23:99.
Distribution. Bahama Islands: Crooked I., Acklin's I., Fortune I., Castle I.,
East Plana Cay.
ANOLIS CENTRALIS Peters
Anolis agrillaceus (sic) centralis Peters, 1970, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin 46(1):215. Type-locality: Victoria de las Tunas, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype:
ZMB 41616.
Anolis centralis: Garrido, 1975, Poeyana (142) :9.
(1) Anolis centralis centralis Peters
Anolis centralis centralis: Garrido, 1975, Poeyana (142) :11.
Distribution. Cuba; Camaguey Province, from the Sierra de Cubitas (Los Paredones), 9 km W Camaguey, and Playa Santa Lucia, to eastern Oriente Province (Gibara in the north and Bayamo in the south).
(2) Anolis centralis litoralis Garrido
Anolis centralis litoralis Garrido, 1975, Poeyana (142) :1 2. Type-locality:
Vicinity of Versalles, Santiago de Cuba, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype:
IZ 3472.
Distribution. Cuba; known with certainty only from the vicinity of Santiago de Cuba (Puerto Boniato, La Socapa). Specimens from inland localities (La Gran Piedra, RTo Negro, San Carlos, Loma de Macambo west of Yacabo, El Cobre, Alto Songo, Monte Lfbano, Bayate, Loma del Cardero) and coastal localities to the east (U.S. Naval Base, Baitiquiri) are not presently assigned to either subspecies, although they are closest geographically to A. c. litoralis.
ANOLIS CHLOROCYANUS Dumeril and Bibron
Anolis chloro-cyanus Dumeril and Bibron, 1837, Erp. Cen. 4:117. Type-locality: Martinique (in error) and St.-Domingue. Syntypes: MNHN 785, MNHN 787.
(1) Anolis chlorocyanus chlorocyanus Dumeril and Bibron
Anolis chloro-cyanus chloro-cyanus: Mertens, 1939, Abh. senckenberg. naturf. Ges. (449):62.
Anolis laeviceps Lichtenstein, 1856, Nomen. Rept. Amph. Mus. Berolinensis:?. Type-locality: unknown. Holotype: unlocated.
Anolis chloro-cyanus peynadoi Mertens, 1939, Abh. senckenberg. naturf. Ges. (449) :65. Type-locality: South of Fondo Negro, lower Rio Yaque del Sur, Barahona Province, Repiiblica Dominicana. Holotype: SMF 26201.
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Distribution. Hispaniola: north of the Cul de Sac-Valle de Neiba plain except as noted for A. ch. cyanostictus, but locally extending to the southern edge of the plain (Banos de la Surza, Independencia Province) and onto northern slopes of the Sierra de Baoruco (Puerto Escondido); an apparently introduced population in the Massif de la Selle near Savane Zombi, Haiti; lie de la Gonave; lie de la Tortue; Isla Saona. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 3500 feet (8-9 km W Marmelade, De^’pt. de T Artibonite, Haiti).
(2) Anolis chlorocyanus cyanostictus Mertens
Anolis chloro-cyanus cyanostictus Mertens, 1939, Abh. senckenberg. naturf. Ges. (449) :64. Type-locality: Between Fortaleza and the mouth of the Rio Haina, Distrito Nacional, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: SMF 26290.
Distribution. South-central Republica Dominicana, but range poorly under- stood; recorded from west of the Rm Ozama (Santo Domingo) to the region of San Cristobal as far west as Sabana Grande de Palenque and onto the southern slopes of the Cordillera Central (6 km NW Cambita Garabitas), and north to Villa Altagracia. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 1600 feet (NW of Cambita Garabitas).
ANOLIS CHRISTOPHEI Williams
Anolis cbristopbei Williams, 1960, Breviora (117):2. Type-locality: At or near the Citadelle of King Christophe, Cap-HaVtien, Departement du Nord, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 25485.
Distribution. Hispaniola; in Haiti, known from the type-locality and 8-9 km W Marmelade, Dept, de TArtibonite; in the Republica Dominicana, centering in moderate elevations of the Cordillera Central, from Rio Bao in the north- west to the vicinity of Jarabacoa and Paso Bajito, south to 11.1 km W jayaco and 15.7 km SW Piedra Blanca, and onto southern slopes of this range at 2.1 km SE El Cacao, San Cristobal Province; also occurring north- west of Rio Limpio in La Estrelleta Province and in the Cordillera Septentrional north of Puesto Grande, and on the Dominico-Haitian border in Dajabon Province (14 km S Loma de Cabrera). Altitudinal distribution from 1200 feet (2.1 km SE El Cacao, San Cristobal Province) to 4250 feet (6 km W Constanza, La Vega Province).
ANOLIS CLIVICOLA Barbour and Shreve
Anolis clivicolus Barbour and Shreve, 1935, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8:251. Type-locality: Loma Cardero, Pico Turquino, 4000 feet - 6000 feet, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 39664.
Anolis clivicola: Schwartz and Garrido, 1971, Caribbean J. Sci. 11 (1/2):11.
Distribution. Cuba; known only from higher elevations (presumably above 4000 feet) in the Sierra Maestra (Pico Turquino and its affiliates) and the Sierra del Cobre (Peladero, El Cobre).
ANOLIS COELESTINUS Cope
Anolis (Ctenocercus) coelestinus Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:177. Type-locality: Near Jeremie, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Syntype: MCZ 3347; others not located.
Anolis latirostris Schmidt, 1919, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 41(12):521. Type- locality: "Navassa Island;" see Thomas, 1966, J. Ohio Herpetological Soc. 5(3):79, for allocation of name. Holotype: AMNH 12598.
(1) Anolis coelestinus coelestinus Cope
Anolis coelestinus coelestinus: Schwartz, 1969, Caribbean J. Sci. 9(1/2):34.
Distribution. Hispaniola: Haiti and the Republica Dominicana south of the Cul de Sac-Valle de Neiba plain, but occurring within the Cul de Sac Plain occasion- ally (Damien, Dept, de TOuest, Haiti).. Altitudinal distribution from sea leavel to 5600 feet (Furcy) and perhaps even higher.
(2) Anofis coelestinus demissus Schwartz
Anolis coelestinus demissus Schwartz, Caribbean J. Sci. 9(1/2):35. Type- locality: Vicinity of Pointe Sable, He Grande Cayemite, Haiti. Holotype:
MCZ 92049.
Distribution. He Grande Cayemite.
(3) Anolis coelestinus pecuarius Schwartz
Anolis coelestinus pecuarius Schwartz, 1969, Caribbean J. Sci. 9(1/2):34. Type- locality: Western end, He-a-Vache, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 81141.
Distribution. Ile'a-Vache. .
ANOLIS CONCOLOR Cope
Anolis (Gastrotropis) concolor Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:180. Type-locality: Nicaragua (evidently in error); restricted to Isla San Andres, Colombia, by Corn and Dalby, 1973, J. Herp. 7(2):70. Syntypes:
USNM 6055, MCZ 22341.
Distribution. Known from Isla San Andres and Haines Key — "nearby cays”
(to San Andres) according to Corn and Dalby (1973, J. Herp. 7(2):70).
ANOLIS CONSPERSUS Carman
Anolis conspersus Carman, 1887, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 24:273. Type-locality:
Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands. Syntypes: ANSP 23009, MCZ 6021,
USNM 39292.
(1) Anolis conspersus conspersus Carman
Anolis conspersus conspersus: Grant, 1940, Bull. Inst. Jamaica Sci. Ser. 2:21.
Distribution. According to Grant (op. cit., by inference), the western half of Grand Cayman west of the road between Frank Sound and Old Man Bay; also Booby Cay in Great Sound, Grand Cayman.
(2) Anolis conspersus lewisi Grant
Anolis conspersus lewisi Grant, 1940, Bull. Inst. Jamaica Sci. Ser. 2:21. Type- locality: Interior of the east end of Grand Cayman. Holotype: MCZ 45106.
Distribution. The eastern half of Grand Cayman east of the road between Frank Sound and Old Man Bay.
REMARKS. We have followed Grant (op. c/f.jin stating the ranges of the subspecies; however, there is some evidence that the ranges are not so clearly delimitable. The subspecies of A. conspersus may not be recognizable.
ANOLIS COOKI Grant
Anolis cristatellus cooki Grant, 1931, J. Dept. Agr. Porto Rico 15(3) :221. Type- locality: Punta Brea, southwestern Puerto Rico. Holotype: UMMZ 73645.
Anolis cooki: Thomas, 1966, Breviora (249) :3.
Distribution. Southwestern Puerto Ri^o from Cabo Rojo east to the Reserva Forestal de Guanica southeast of Guanica, and Isla Caja de Muertos off the central south coast of Puerto Rico.
REMARKS. Gorman, Thomas, and Atkins (1968, Breviora (293):1-13) presented evidence for the specific status of A. cooki.
ANOLIS CRISTATELLUS Dumeril and Bibron
Anolis cristatellus Dumeril and Bibron, 1837, Erp. Gen. 4:143. Type-locality: "Martinique” (in error). Syntypes: MNHN 2353, MNHN 2447.
(1) Anolis cristatellus cristatellus Dumeril and Bibron
Anolis cristatellus cristatellus: Grant, 1931, J. Dept. Agr. Porto Rico 15(3) :220.
Distribution. Virtually ubiquitous in Puerto Rico; absent or restricted ecologically at higher elevations; found on Isla Desecheo, Isla Caja de Muertos, Cayo Santiago, Cayo Cardona, and Cayo Batata. Introduced in the Republica Dominicana (La Romana east to at least the Rio Dulce, La Romana Province), Florida (Biscayne Key, Dade County), and Costa Rica. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to at least 2800 feet (Reserva Forestal de Maricao).
(2) Anolis cristatellus wileyae Grant
Anolis cristatellus wileyi Grant, 1931, J. Dept. Agr. Porto Rico 15(3):220. Type- locality: Isla Culebra. Holotype: MCZ 34792.
Distribution. The islands of the eastern portion of the Puerto Rico Bank: Isla Vieques, Isla Culebra, Isla Culebrita, St. Thomas and satellites (Savana I., Dutchman Cap, Salt Cay, Saba I., Saba Rock, Water I., Buck I., Hassel I., Bovoni Cay, Rotto Cay, Patricia Cay, Cas Cay, Prickly Pear I., Great St.
James I., Little St. James I., Dog I., Thatch Cay, Hans Lollik I., Inner Brass I., Outer Brass I., Cockroach I.), Grass Cay, Mingo Cay, Congo Cay, Lovango Cay, St. John and satellites (Stephen I., Waterlemon Cay, Ramgoat Cay,
Rata Cay, Leduck I., Flanagan I., Congo Rock), Jost Van Dyke, Tortola,
Cooper I., Salt I., Peter I., Guana I., Great Camanoe I., Beef I., Dead Man’s Chest, Fallen Jerusalem, Virgin Gorda (including Mosquito I.), Necker I., and Anegada.
REMARKS. Populations of A. cristatellus, apparently intermediate between A. c. cristatellus and A. c. wileyae, occur on the islets just east of Puerto Rico (Cayo Icacos, Cayo La Llave, Cayo Palominito, Isla Pmeros). Grant (op.cit.) noted that A. c. wileyae occurred on cays adjoining Culebra but, aside from Culebrita, did not specify which cays. Variation in A. cristatellus throughout its range remains to be more fully described. As a matter of convenience we have included all island records from Culebra and Vieques to Anegada under A. c. wileyae, though we have not seen material from many of them.
ANOLIS CUPEYALENSIS Peters
Anolis cyanopleurus cupeyalensis Peters, 1970, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin 46(1):225. Type-locality: Cupeyal, Sierra de Magueg (sic; = Sierra de Maguey), eastern Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: ZMB 41059.
Anolis cupeyalensis: Garrido, 1975, Poeyana (143) :20.
Distribution. Cuba; known from Cupeyal, La Prenda, and Guayabal de Yateras and the Sierra de Nipe (Pinares de Mayari*) in Oriente Province, and San Felipe, Arroyo Blanco, to the northeast of Jatibonico, near the Las Villas-Camaguey province boundary. Las Villas Province.
REMARKS. The Jatibonico material appears to differ at a subspecific level from specimens taken in the Sierra de Nipe-Sierra del Cristal.
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ANOLIS CUVIERI Merrem
Anolis cuvieri Merrem, 1820, Tentamen Syst. Amph. :45. Type-locality: Jamaica (in error). Holotype: Unlocated.
Anolis volifcr Cuvier, 1829, Regne Animal., ed. 2, 2:29. Type-locality: Jamaica (in error). Holotype: MNHN 6799.
Distribution. Puerto Rico; known from relatively few, widely scattered localities throughout the island, possibly absent from the southern coastal region. Altitudinal distribution from sea level at Luquillo to 3400 feet (10.6 km SSE Villa Perez). Records for Vieques and Tortola (Cope, 1862,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 13:208; Reinhardt and Lutken, 1863,
Vidensk. Med. naturhist. Foren. K^benhaven: 260) have remained unverified for over a century.
ANOLIS CYANOPLEURUS Cope
Anolis (Dracontura) cyanopleurus Cope, 1861, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 13:211. Type-locality: Monte Verde, Oriente Province, Cuba; restricted by Garrido, 1975, Poeyana (143):3, to La Prenda, in the jurisdiction of Yateras, Oriente Province, Cuba. Syntypes: USNM 62068-70.
(1) Anolis cyanopleurus cyanopleurus Cope
Anolis cyanopleurus cyanopleurus: Garrido, 1975, Poeyana (143) :8.
Distribution. Oriente Province, Cuba; known from various localities in the vicinity of “Monte Verde" (La Alcachofa, La Prenda, Guayabal de Yateras,
La Gloria, Cabeza del CalTadon de Cistula Mackinley), to the east in the area about El Yunque de Baracoa (El Yunque, Rio Duaba, Rio Toa,
Baracoa), and to the west at La Municion, Cupeyal, and Bayate.
(2) Anolis cyanopleurus orientalis Garrido
Anolis cyanopleurus orientalis Garrido, 1975, Poeyana (143) :16. Type-locality: The vicinity of Punta de Maisi, Baracoa, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype:
IZ 1564.
Distribution. Known from the type-locality and the upper Rio Ovando near Maisi, at elevations between 1000 feet and 2000 feet.
REMARKS. There are specimens of A. cyanopleurus from north of Imias and Cuchillas de Guajimero which may pertain to orientalis but which are presently unassigned subspecifically.
ANOLIS CYBOTES Cope
Anolis cybotes Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:177. Type-locality: Near Jer^mie, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Syntypes: ANSP 7604-05, MCZ 3619, MCZ 14346-47.
(1) Anolis cybotes cybotes Cope
Anolis riisei Reinhardt and Lutken, 1863, Vid. Med. Nat. Foren. K^benhavn (1862) :264. Type-locality: Haiti. Syntypes: UZM R. 3796-97; ? ZMB 4439.
Anolis citrinellus Cope, 1864, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 16:170. Type- locality: Santo Domingo. Holotype: BMNH 1948.8.5.71.
Anolis cybotes cybotes: Cochran, 1934, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8:186.
Anolis cybotes saxatilis Mertens, 1938, Senckenber^iana 20(5) :334. Type- locality: South of Fondo Negro, region of lower Rio Yaque del Sur, Barahona Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: SMF 25032.
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Distribution. Hispaniola: widespread in both Haiti and the Republica Dominicana with the exceptions of the following subspecies (see RE- MARKS); lle-a-Vache; He de la Tortue; Isla Catalina; Isla Saona; He Grande Cayemite; apparently successfully introduced in the vicinity of Miami, Dade County, Florida.
(2) Anolis cybotes armouri Cochran
Audantia armouri Cochran, 1934, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8:171. Type-locality: Pic la Selle, Departement de I'Ouest, Haiti. Holotype:
MCZ 37523.
Anolis cybotes armouri: Williams, 1963, Breviora (197) :8.
Distribution. Apparently the uplands of the Massif de la Selle and the Sierra de Baoruco, in Haiti and the Republica Dominicana above about 3500 feet (3.8 mi. SW Seguin, Haiti); said by Williams (1963, Breviora (197):4), to intergrade with A. c. cybores in the vicinity of Furcy on the Montagne Noire, but not intergrading with this taxon in the Sierra de Baoruco north of Cabo Rojo.
(3) Anolis cybotes doris Barbour
Anolis doris Barbour, 1925, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 38:101. Type-locality: He de la Gonave, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 13739.
Anolis cybotes doris: Cochran, 1934, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist.
8:168.
Distribution. He de la Gonave.
(4) Anolis cybotes haetianus Garman, new combination
Anolis haetianus Garman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:42. Type-locality:
Tiburon, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Syntypes: MCZ 6191.
Distribution. Haiti, the extreme western tip of the Tiburon Peninsula, from the type-locality northeast to the vicinity of jeremie and onto northern slopes of the Massif de la Hotte south of Marche Leon and Rampe des Lions. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 3400 feet.
REMARKS. Probably no other Hispaniolan anole more requires detailed analysis than A. cybotes. Within the range of A. c. cybotes are several geo- graphic variants that are almost certainly nameworthy, including those from both Isla Catalina and Isla Saona. The relationships of the taxa cybotes and armouri are poorly understood; in the Sierra de Baoruco, these forms replace each other ecologically and altitudinally, but they seem to inter- grade on the Montagne Noire. The distribution of haetianus is poorly understood since specimens of haetianus occur near and at the type-locality of A. c. cybotes (jeremie). It seems probable that cybotes, armouri, and haetianus are distinct species, and that there are several unnamed sub- species of A. cybotes (sensu stricto).
ANOLIS DARLINCTONI Cochran
Xiphocercus darlingtoni Cochran, 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40(6) :373. Type-locality: Roche Croix, Massif de la Hotte, about 5000 feet, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 38251.
Anolis darlingtoni: Williams, 1962, Breviora (164) :1.
Distribution. Known only from the type-locality.
ANOLIS DISTICHUS Cope
Anolis distichus Cope, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 13:208. Type- locality: New Providence Island, Bahama Islands. Syntypes: ANSP 7780-87.
(1) Anolis distichus distichus Cope
Anolis distichus distichus: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2):125.
Distribution. Bahama Islands: New Providence I., Exuma Cays (Warderick Wells Cay, Staniel Cay, Darby Cay, Little Exuma I., Great Exuma I.,),
Long I., Ragged Is. (Great Ragged I., Little Ragged I.); specimens from Cat I. are considered intermediate between the subspecies distichus, dapsilis, and odor (see Schwartz, 1968, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2):273-274). The subspecific status of the Ragged Is. specimens is questionable.
(2) Anolis distichus aurifer Schwartz
Anolis distichus aurifer Schwartz, 1968, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2):291. Type-locality: 11 km N Cavaillon, 1300 feet, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 81135.
Distribution. Haiti; known from the type-locality, Pourcine, Trou Bois, and Paillant, on the north and south flanks of the Massif de la Hotte near the tip of the Tiburon Peninsula and east to Paillant near Miragoane, but assumed to occur from southeast of Jeremie east to the vicinity of St. Michel du Sud, where aurifer intergrades with dominicensis.
(3) Anolis distichus biminiensis Oliver
Anolis distichus biminiensis Oliver, 1948, Amer. Mus. Novitates (1383) :16. Type-locality: Western end of South Bimini Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: AMNH 68640.
Distribution. Bahama Is.: South Bimini I.
(4) Anolis distichus dapsilis Schwartz
Anolis distichus dapsilis Schwartz, 1968, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2) :270. Type-locality: Ocean side opposite Hatchet Bay, Eleuthera Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: MCZ 81139.
Distribution. Bahama Is.: Eleuthera I.
(5) Anolis distichus distichoides Rosen
Anolis distichoides Rosen, 1911, Lunds Univ. Arsskrft. 7(5) :29. Type-locality: Mastic Point and Stanniard Creek, Andros Island, Bahama Islands.
Holotype: presumed to be in the Zool. Mus. Univ. Lund.
Anolis distichus distichoides: Barbour, 1937, Bull Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2) :125.
Distribution. Bahama Is.: Andros I., Berry Is. (Frazer’s Hog Cay, Great Harbour Cay).
(6) Anolis distichus dominicensis Reinhardt and Lutken
Anolis dominicensis Reinhardt and Lutken, 1863, Vid. Med. Nat. Foren. Kj^benhavn (1862):261. Type-locality: Haiti; restricted by Schwartz, 1968,
BujI. Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2):274, to the vicinity of Port-au-Prince, Departement de I’Ouest, Haiti. Syntypes: UZM 37114-15.
Anolis biauritus Meerwarth, 1901, Mitt. Naturhist. Mus. Hamburg 18:23. Type-locality: Haiti. Syntypes: HZM 1486a-c.
Anolis distichus dominicensis: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2):126.
Anolis distichus albidogularis Mertens, 1939, Abh. senckenberg. naturf.
Ges. (449) :59. Type-locality: Monte Cristi, Monte Gristi Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype. SMF 25855.
Distribution. Hispaniola: throughout Haiti except for the Tiburon Peninsula west of Miragoane (precise limits along the southern coast of the Tiburon Peninsula at the longitude of Miragoane unknown); the Republica Dominicana in extreme western Pedernales Province on the south, through extreme western Independencia Province, east through San Juan Province to nor^thern La Vega Province (jarabacoa), Sanchez Ramirez Province (Cotuf), San Cristobal Province (Gonzalo), and Samana Province (mouth of Rio Yuna), and north to the northern coast in Maria Trinidad Sanchez Province (Cabrera), but excluding the Peninsula de Samana; possibly lie de la Tortue; intergradation with /\. d. ignigularis in the eastern uplands of the Cordillera Central; an apparently isolated population in Azua Province between Los Toros and Tabara Abajo, and another southwest of Barahona, Barahona Province.
(7) Anolis distichus favillarum Schwartz
Anolis distichus favillarum Schwartz, 1968, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2) ;289. Type-locality: 3 km NE Las Auyamas, 3300 feet, Barahona Province,
Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 81133.
Distribution. Republica Dominicana; the Sierra de Baoruco, at elevations between 2300 feet and 3700 feet; apparently restricted to the eastern portion of that range and not known to intergrade with A. d. dominicensis to the west.
(8) Anolis distichus ignigularis Mertens
Anolis distichus ignigularis Mertens, 1939, Abh. senckenberg. naturf. Ges. (449) :58. Type-locality: San Pedro de Macons, San Pedro de Macons Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: SMF 25694.
Distribution. Republica Dominicana; from eastern San Cristobal Province in the west, east along the coast to the type-locality, inland to the vicinity of Higuey and to the north coast (east of Miches) in La Altagracia Province; along the north coast to the Bahia de San Lorenzo in El Seibo Province, south into eastern San Cristobal Province (Bayaguana), and west into the Cordillera Central; Peninsula de Samana, west to the vicinity of Yayales.
(9) Anolis distichus juliae Cochran
Anolis dominicensis juliae Cochran, 1934, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8:169. Type-locality: lle-VVache, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 37517.
Anolis distichus juliae: Barbour, 1937, Bull Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2) :126.
Distribution. Ile-Vvache.
(10) Anolis distichus odor Schwartz
Anolis distichus odor Schwartz, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2) :271. Type- locality: Port Nelson, Rum Cay, Bahama Islands. Holotype: MCZ 81140.
Distribution. Bahama Is.: Rum Cay, San Salvador I. including Man Head Cay and Green Cay.
(11) Anolis distichus patrueiis Schwartz
Anolis distichus patrueiis Schwartz, 1968, Bull Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2) :297. Type-locality: Vicinity of Pointe Sable, Me Grande Cayemite, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 81138.
Distribution, lie Grande Cayemite and possibly lie Petite Cayemite.
(12) Anolis distichus properus Schwartz
Anolis distichus properus Schwartz, 1968, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2):282. Type-locality: 0.5 mi. NW Boca de Yuma, La Altagracia Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 81130.
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Distribution. Eastern Republica Dominicana, from La Romana Province (Rio Cumayasa) on the west, east and north around Cabo Engano to the vicinity of El Macao; intergrades with d. ignlgularis northeast of La Romana, south of Higuey, and at El Macao.
(13) Anolis distichus ravitergum Schwartz
Anolis distichus ravitergum Schwartz, 1968, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2) :287. Type-locality: 16.5 mi. S San Jose de Ocoa, 500 feet, Peravia Province,
Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 81132.
Distribution. Republica Dominicana; the Valle de Neiba and Llanos de Azua, from the vicinity of Duverge east to the vicinity of Sabana Grande de Palenque, San Cristobal Province; possibly intergrading with A. d. dominicensis at Padre las Casas, Azua Province, but not known to intergrade with A. d. favillarum. Intergradation between A. d. ravitergum and A. d. ignigularis occurs between Paya and the Rio Nizao in extreme southern Peravia Province, but specimens from farther east (Sabana Grande de Palenque) appear typical A. d. ravitergum.
(14) Anolis distichus sejunctus Schwartz
Anolis distichus sejunctus Schwartz, 1968, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2):284. Type-locality: Environs of Mano Juan, Isla Saona, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 81131.
Distribution. Isla Saona.
(15) Anolis distichus suppar Schwartz
Anolis distichus suppar Schwartz, 1968, Bull. Mus. Com.p. Zool. 137(2) :295. Type-locality: Dame-Marie, south side of town along coast, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 81137.
Distribution. Haiti; the extreme western tip of the Tiburon Peninsula, from Dame-Marie east to jeremie, south on northern slopes of the Massif de la Hotte in the vicinity of Marche Leon, and around the tip of the peninsula to Cantin between Port-a-Piment and Coteaux. Intergrades between A. d. aurifer and A. d. suppar occur at Roseaux on the north coast.
(16) Anolis distichus tostus Schwartz
Anolis distichus tostus Schwartz, 1968, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2) :286. Type- locality: Isla Catalina, western end, Republica Dominicana. Holotype:
MCZ 81134.
Distribution. Isla Catalina.
(17) Anolis distichus vinosus Schwartz
Anolis distichus vinosus Schwartz, 1968, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2):293. Type-locality: Camp Perrin, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 81136.
Distribution. Haiti; southern slopes of the Massif de la Hotte from Camp Perrin (and Tombeau Cheval?) and Les Platons, south to Les Cayes and west onto the Presqu'tle du Port-Salut to Chevalier, north of Roche-a-Bateau; inter- grades with A. d. aurifer at Cavaillon and Plaine Martin between Catiche and Duchity, and with A. d. suppar at Gadouard between Roche-a-Bateau and CSteaux.
REMARKS. Another subspecies, A. d. floridanus Smith and McCauley, occurs along the extreme southeastern Florida coast.
ANOLIS DOLICHOCEPHALUS Williams, new combination
Anolis hendersoni dolichocephalus Williams, 1963, Breviora (186) :8. Type-locality: Place Negre, near jeremie, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 64510.
Distribution. Hispaniola: the distal portion of the Tiburon Peninsula in Haiti, from Dame-Marie to 13 km N Cavaillon, including both north and south slopes of the Massif de la Hotte. Altitudinal distribution from sea level (Dame-Marie) to 2750 feet (between Jeremie and Les Cayes near Tombeau Cheval).
ANOLIS EQUESTRIS Merrem
Anolis equestris Merrem, 1820, Tentamen Syst. Amph.: 45. Type-locality: unknown restricted by Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 39(134):30, to the vicinity of La Habana, Habana Province, Cuba. Holotype: unlocated.
(1) Anolis equestris equestris Merrem
Anolius rhodolaemus Bell, 1827, Zool. J.:235. Type-locality: Cuba. Holotype: unlocated.
Anolis equestris equestris: Barbour and Shreve, 1935, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8:249.
Distribution. Cuba; from Pinar del Rio Province to Las Villas Province, where it intergrades with A. e. persparsus in the vicinity of Sagua la Grande; introduced at Miami, Florida.
(2) Anolis equestris buidei Schwartz and Garrido
Anolis equestris buidei Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 39(134):34. Type-locality: ca. 0.5 km from Rincon Frances, Penin- sula de Hicacos, Matanzas Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 1294.
Distribution. The Penmsula de Hicacos on the north coast of Matanzas Prov- ince, Cuba.
(3) Anolis equestris juraguensis Schwartz and Garrido
Anolis equestris Juraguensis Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 39(134):39. Type-locality: 3 km SW Juragua^, Las Villas Prov- ince, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 1152.
Distribution. Known only from the vicinity of the type-locality.
(4) Anolis equestris persparsus Schwartz and Garrido
Anolis equestris persparsus Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 39(134):36. Type-locality: 4 km E Trinidad, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 78116.
Distribution. Central Cuba, throughout most of Las Villas Province.
(5) Anolis equestris potior, new name
Anolis equestris santamariae Garrido, 1975, Poeyana (141) :14. Type-locality: Cayo Santa Maria, Archipielago de Sabana-Camaguey, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 3098.
Distribution. Known only from Cayo Santa Marfa and Cayo las Brujas, Archi- pielago de Sabana-Camaguey; the specimen from Cayo las Brujas may not be identical with the series from Cayo Santa Maria.
REMARKS. The epithet santamariae is preoccupied in the genus Anolis by A. jubar santamariae Garrido, 1973, and we have proposed the name potior (Latin for “more powerful") in allusion to the fact that A. e. potior is much the larger of the two members of the equestris complex (the other being A. pigmaequestris) on Cayo Santa Maria.
(6) Anolis equestris thomasi Schwartz
Anolis equestris thomasi Schwartz, 1958, Herpetologica 14(1):3. Type-locality:
2 km SE Banao, Camaguey Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNE1 78148.
Distribution. Cuba; known from throughout Camaguey Province and north- western Oriente Province east to Banes and El Jobo between Elolgum and Bayamo; fhomas/-like specimens also reported from two isolated Oriente localities (Santiago de Cuba; Einca La Celia, 28 km W Bayamo).
(7) Anolis equestris verreonensis Schwartz and Garrido
Anolis equestris verreonensis Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Eauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 39(134):44. Type-locality: Verreon, Cabo Cruz, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 488.
Distribution. Known only from the region around Cabo Cruz.
REMARKS. See Schwartz and Garrido, op. cit., for a discussion of relationships between A. equestris, A. luteogularis, and A. noblei.
ANOLIS ETHERIDGEI Williams
Anolis darUngtoni Cochran, 1939, Proc. New England Zool. Club 18.1. Type-
locality: Loma Vieja, Cordillera Central, south of Constanza, La Vega Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 44360.
Anolis etheridgei Williams, 1962, Breviora (164):1 (substitute name for A.
darUngtoni Cochran 1939, preoccupied by Xipbocercus (=Anolis) darUngtoni Cochran, 1935).
Distribution. Hispaniola; the Cordillera Central in the Republica Dominicana from Paso Bajito in the north, 8.9 km W Jayaco in the east and 15.7 km SW Piedra Blanca in the southeast, 6.5 mi. NW La Horma in the south, and Loma Rucilla and La Cienaga in the west. Altitudinal distribution from 1800 feet (Piedra Blanca) to 6100 feet (12.6 mi. SE Constanza), possibly higher on Loma Rucilla.
ANOLIS EVERMANNI Stejneger
Anolis evermanni Stejneger, 1904, Rept. U. S. Natl. Mus. 1902:647. Type-locality: Catalina Plantation, east slope of El Yunque, Bosque Experimental de Luquillo, Puerto Rico. Holotype: USNM 26855.
Distribution. Puerto Rico; known principally from interior and upland localities from the Maricao region east to the Bosque Experimental de Luquillo and south to the Sierra de Panduras; apparently approaches the coast in the north- east (e.g., the San Juan area). Altitudinal distribution from 800 feet (2.5 km SW Yabucoa) to 3500-3800 feet (30 km N, 3.1 km E Ponce).
ANOLIS EXTREMUS Carman
Anolis roquet var. extremus Carman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:35. Type-locality: Bridgetown, St. Michael Parish, Barbados. Lectotype: MCZ 6183, selected by Lazell, 1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1):84.
Anolis extremus: Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2):278.
Distribution. Barbados; introduced on St. Lucia, Bermuda, and at Caracas, Venezuela.
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ANOLIS FERREUS Cope
Xiphosurus ferreus Cope, 1864, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 17:168. Type- locality: “Guadeloupe”; restricted to Morne Constant, Marie-Galante, by Lazell, 1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 131(11):190. Holotype: BMNH 1946.8.5.59.
Anolis asper Carman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:31 . 7"ype-/oca//fy.' Marie-Galante. Syntypes: ANSP 23011, MCZ 6162.
Anolis ferreus: Underwood, 1959, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 121(5):202.
Distribution. Marie-Galante.
REMARKS. Lazell, 1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 131(11):390, considered ferreus a subspecies of A. marmoratus.
ANOLIS FOWLERI Schwartz
Anolis fowleri Schwartz, 1973, Ann Carnegie Mus. 44(12) :186. Type-locality: 18.5 km SE Constanza, 5800 feet (1769 meters). La Vega Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: CM 54131.
Distribution. Elispaniola; Republica Dominicana in the Cordillera Central, known from the vicinity of the type-locality and 6.5 mi. NW La Elorma, La Vega Province. Altitudinal distribution from 5230 feet (sight record only) to 5800 feet.
ANOLIS FUGITIVUS Garrido
Anolis fugitivus Garrido, 1975, Poeyana (143) :28. Type-locality: 2 km S Aserrio de Nuevo Mundo, Moa, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 3854.
Distribution. Known only from the type-locality, but possibly also occurring in the Cuchillas de Toa, del Palenque, and de Nibujon Arriba.
ANOLIS GARMANI Stejneger
Anolis garmani Stejneger, 1899, Amer. Nat. 33:601. Type-locality: Jamaica. Holo- type: Unlocated (not designated).
Distribution. Throughout Jamaica; records are sparse from the south-central part of the island, although the species is known from Portland Cave,
Clarendon Parish. Altitudinal distribution from sea level (various localities) to around 2000 feet and probably over (Spaldings; Christiana; Newcastle).
ANOLIS GINGIVINUS Cope
Anolis gingivinus Cope, 1864, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 17:170. Type- locality: “Anguilla Rock nr. Trinidad”; restricted to Sandy Ground, Anguilla, by Lazell, 1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1):44. Syntypes: BMNH 1946.8. 29.18-. 20.
Anolis virgatus Carman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:41. Type-locality: St.-Barthelemy. Syntypes: ANSP 23007, USNM 39300, MCZ 6165.
Distribution. Sombrero I., Dog. I., Anguilla and satellites (Scrub I., Anguillita or Low Anguilla Cay, Western Prickly Pear Cay), St. -Martin (and Tintamarre I. and Guana Cay of Pelikan), St.-Barthelemy (and lie Eourchue, lie Chevreau, lie Eregate, He Toe Vers, and He Coco). Lazell (1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1):48) stated “Anolis gingivinus occurs throughout the Anguilla Bank, on every rock and cay that supports more than herb-stage vegetation, on Som- brero” and on “. . . forty or more separate islands . . .”
ANOLIS GRAHAMI Gray
Anolis grahami Gray, 1845. Cat. Lizards Brit. Mus.:274. Type-locality: Unknown. Syntypes: BMNH 1936.12.3.101=1946.8.5.49, BMNH 1936.12.3. 104-.106=1946.8. 28.89-.91.
Anolis punctatus Gray (non Daudin), 1840, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 1(5);113. Type- locality: Not given. Syntypes: Probably BMNH 1946.8.4.49, BMNH 1946.8.28.89- .91, BMNH 1946.8.5.55.
Anolis iodurus Gosse, 1850, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 2(6):344. Type-locality: Jamaica.
Syntypes: BMNH 1946.8.5. 51-.52, BMNH 1946.8.5.88-.89, BMNH 1946.8.28.8. Anolis punctatissimus Hallowell, 1857, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 8:225. Type-locality: Jamaica. Syntypes: ANSP 7897-99.
(1) Anolis grahami grahami Gray
Anolis grahami grahami: Underwood and Williams, 1959, Bull. Inst. Jamaica Sci. Ser. 9:24.
Distribution. Throughout western Jamaica, east on the north coast to the Port Maria area and on the south coast to the Morant River.
(2) Anolis grahami aquarum Underwood and Williams
Anolis grahami aquarum Underwood and Williams, 1959, Bull. Inst. Jamaica Sci. Ser. 9:28. Type-locality: Botanical Gardens, Bath, St. Thomas Parish,
Jamaica. Holotype: BMNH 1954.1.2.61.
Distribution. Portland Parish, from St. Margaret's Bay east and St. Thomas Parish east of the Morant River.
REMARKS. Apparent intergrades between A. g. grahami and A. g. aquarum were recorded by Underwood and Williams (1959, Bull. Inst. Jamaica Sci. Ser. 9:29) in the area from Windsor Castle to Buff Bay, Portland Parish. However, intergradation between the two forms is not apparent on the south coast at the Morant River. Since the description of aquarum, specimens apparently refer- able to grahami have been taken within the range of aquarum at Port Antonio, and specimens apparently referable to aquarum at 1 mi. W Discovery Bay, St. Ann Parish, within the range of grahami. The situation requires further investi- gation. Bond (1957, Second supplement to the check-list of birds of the West Indies, Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia:7) mentioned A. g. aquarum, thereby creating a nomen nudum. No confusion is likely, however, in accepting the name aquarum, as subsequently diagnosed by Underwood and Williams.
ANGUS GRISEUS Carman
Anolis griseus Carman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:36. Type-locality: St. Vincent; restricted to Kingstown, St. George Parish, St. Vincent, by Lazell, 1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1):73. Lectotype: MCZ 6164, chosen by Lazell (1972:73).
Distribution. St. Vincent.
ANGUS GUNDLACHI Peters
Anolis gundlachi Peters, 1876, Monatsb. Akad. Wiss. Berlin :705. Type-locality: Utuado, Puerto Rico. Syntypes: ZMB 8964.
Distribution. Puerto Rico; widespread in the uplands from Maricao, Lares, and the Cordillera Jaicoa east to the Bosque Experimental de Luquillo and south to the Sierra de Panduras; absent from most of the northern coastal plain (known from the Montarfas Guarionex, 7.2 km SE Quebradillas) and all of the southern coastal plain. Altitudinal distribution 800 feet (2.5 mi. SW Yabucoa) to 3500-3800 feet (30 km N, 3.1 km E Ponce).
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ANGUS HENDERSONI Cochran
Anolis hendersoni Cochran, 1923, J. Washington Acad. Sci. 13(11):225. Type-local- ity: Petionville, Departement de TOuest, Haiti. Holotype: USNM 59210.
Distribution. Hispaniola: the Tiburon Peninsula in Haiti, from 1.3 mi. N L’Asile, Dept, du Sud, in the west to the Port-au-Prince region (Port-au-Prince, Diquini, Morne de Cayette) and into the Morne I’Hopital (Petionville) and the Montagne Noire (Furcy, Kenscoff) and east to Savane Zombi on the Massif de la Selle; also south slopes of the Massif de la Selle (Jacmel, Marbial) east to 5.4 - 9.1 mi.
SW Seguin. Altitudinal distribution from sea level (Port-au-Prince) to 5600 feet (Furcy). An unexpected and unconfirmed record from the Citadelle, Dept, du Nord.
REMARKS. Williams (1963, Breviora (186):1-13) considered hendersoni, bahorucoensis, and dolichocephalus subspecies of A. hendersoni. Increasing evidence suggests that these taxa are distinct species, and that overlap be- tween hendersoni and bahorucoensis occurs on the southern slopes of the Massif de la Selle between Marigot and Seguin.
ANGUS HGMGLECHIS Cope
Xiphosurus homolechis Cope, 1864, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 16:169. Type-locality: unknown; restricted by Ruibal and Williams, 1961, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 125(8):228, to La Habana, Habana Province, Cuba. Holotype:
BMNH 1946.8.5.78.
Anolis homolechis: Boulenger, 1885, Cat. Lizards Brit. Mus. 2:28.
Anolis muelleri Ahl, 1924, Zool. Archiv. f. Naturgesch. 90:247. Type-locality:
Cuba. Holotype: ZMB 4178.
Anolis calliurus Ahl, 1924, Zool. Archiv. f. Naturgesch. 90:249. Type-locality: Cuba. Holotype: ZMB 9014.
Anolis cubanus Ahl, 1925, Zool. An-z. 62:87. Type-locality: Cuba. Holotype:
ZMB 27810.
Anolis patricius Barbour, 1929, Proc. New England Zool. Club 11:37. Type-locality: Mina Piloto, Sagua de Tanamo, Oriente Province, Cuba; see Schwartz, 1968, Tulane Stud. Zool. 14(4):154-155, footnote, for discussion of type-locality. Holotype: MCZ 28759.
(1) Anolis homolechis homolechis Cope
Anolis homolechis homolechis: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2);127.
Distribution. Throughout most of Cuba with the exception of the distribution of the following subspecies; Isla de Pinos; Archipielago de los Canarreos (Cayo Cantiles); Cayos de San Eelipe (Cayo Real).
(2) Anolis homolechis turquinensis Garrido
Anolis homolechis turquinensis Garrido, 1973, Poeyana (120) :9. Type-locality: Vicinity of Cardero, Pico Turquino, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 2900.
Distribution. Restricted to the region around Pico Turquino in the Sierra Maestra, at elevations above about 1500 meters.
REMARKS. A. homolechis is absent from some areas in Cuba (notably the Penmsula de Guanahacabibes in Pinar del Rm Province) and apparently is re- placed in some (primarily coastal) regions by A. Jubar. Garrido (1973, Poeyana (120):47-48) suggested that perhaps A. patricius may not be identical with A. homolechis, but the area where pa(r/c/us is known has not been recently resampled.
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ANOLIS IMIAS Ruibal and Williams
Anolis imias Ruibal and Williams, T961, Bull, Mus. Comp. Zool. 125(8):237. Type- locality: Imias, Oriente Province, Cuba; emended by Schwartz, 1968, Tulane Stud. Zool. 14(4):172, to the mountains (Sierra de Purial) north of Imias,
Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 42556.
Distribution. Known only from the type-locality.
ANOLIS INSOLITUS Williams and Rand
Anolis insolitus Williams and Rand, 1969, Breviora (326) :2. Type-locality: Paraje La Palma, Seccion La Palma, Municipio Constanza, La Vega Province, Republi- ca Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 60144.
Distribution. Hispaniola; the Cordillera Central in the Republica Dominicana, from the type-locality in the north south to 6.5 mi. NW La Horma, Peravia Province, including higher elevations southeast of Constanza but not known in the Valle de Constanza. Altitudinal distribution from 3500 feet (La Palma) to 5800 feet (18 km SE Constanza; 8.1 mi. NW La Horma).
ANOLIS ISOLEPIS Cope
Anolis isolepis Cope, 1861, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 13:214. Type-locality: Monte Verde, Oriente Province, Cuba. Syntypes: Formerly in USNM, now lost.
Distribution. Cuba: known from Las Villas Province (Buenos Aires and Cafetal de Gavinas in the Sierra de Trinidad), Camaguey Province (Sierra de Jatibonico), and Oriente Province (Los Negros, Pico Turquino, Loma del Gato, Hongolosongo, Cupeyal, Dos Bocas, Yateras, Guantanamo, Belona, Monte Libano, Moa, Nuevo Mundo).
ANOLIS jUANGUNDLACHI Garrido
Anolis juangundlachi Garrido, 1975, Poeyana (143) :34. Type-locality: Finca Ceres (Los Montes), 4 km N Carlos Rojas, Matanzas Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 3755.
Distribution. Known only from the type-locality.
ANOLIS JUBAR Schwartz
Anolis homolechis jubar Schwartz, 1968, Tulane Stud. Zool. 14(4) :157. Type-local- ity: Paso de la Trinchera, Sierra de Cubitas, Camaguey Province, Cuba. Holo- type: AMNH 96529.
Anolis jubar: Garrido, 1973, Poeyana (120) :14.
(1) Anolis jubar jubar Schwartz
Anolis jubar jubar: Garrido, 1973, Poeyana (120) :18.
Distribution. Cuba: the Sierra de Cubitas and associated northern lowlands, and marginal forested lowlands to the south, Camaguey Province; also ap- parently on Isla de Turiguano and 2 km E Minas, both in Camaguey Province.
(2) Anolis jubar albertschwartzi Garrido
Anolis jubar albertschwartzi Garrido, 1973, Poeyana (120):33. Type-locality: Tortuguilla, 15 km E BahTa de Guantanamo, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 2621.
Distribution. Cuba; coastal regions of southern Oriente from the Bahfa de Guantanamo to Loma de Mocambo in the east, and the bases of the hills east of the Bahfa de Guantanamo.
(3) Anolis Jubar balaenarum Schwartz
Anolis homolechis balaenarum Schwartz, 1968, Tulane Stud. Zool. 14(4) :161. Type-locality: Smallest cay of Los Ballenatos in the BahTa de Nuevitas,
Camaguey Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 95975.
Anolis jubar balaenarum: Garrido, 1973, Poeyana (120) :41.
Distribution. Los Ballenatos, Bahia de Nuevitas.
(4) Anolis jubar cuneus Schwartz
Anolis homolechis cuneus Schwartz, 1968, Tulane Stud. Zool. 14(4) ;158. Type- locality: 1 mi. E Playa Santa Lucfa, Camaguey Province, Cuba. Holotype:
AMNH 96536.
Anolis jubar cuneus: Garrido, 1973, Poeyana (120) :22.
Distribution. Known only from the vicinity of the type-locality and Cayo Sabinal the Archipielago de Sabana-Camaguey.
(5) Anolis jubar gibarensis Garrido
Anolis jubar gibarensis Garrido, 1973, Poeyana (120):23. Type-locality: El Catuco, 2.5 km from Gibara, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 2837.
Distribution. Known certainly from west of Gibara to El Purio south of Nicaro; possible extending as far west as Puerto Padre, all in Oriente Province.
(6) Anolis jubar maisiensis Garrido
Anolis jubar maisiensis Garrido, 1973, Poeyana (120) :28. Type-locality: Punta de MaisT, Baracoa, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 1524.
Distribution. Known only from the Punta de Maisf^ region, but possibly extend- ing to the mouth of the mo Yumurf on the north Oriente coast and the rTo Ovando to the southwest.
(7) Anolis jubar oriens Schwartz
Anolis homolechis oriens Schwartz, 1968, Tulane Stud. Zool. 14(4) :162. Type- locality: Cabo Cruz, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 95976.
Anolis jubar oriens: Garrido, 1973, Poeyana (120) :39.
Distribution. Cuba; southern coastal Oriente Province, from Belie and Cabo Cruz in the west, east to the Bahfa de Santiago (but unknown from the city of Santiago de Cuba itself) and east of the Bahia de Santiago to Arroyo de la Costa (west of Playa juragua).
(8) Anolis jubar santamariae Garrido
Anolis jubar santamariae Garrido, 1973, Poeyana (120) :43. Type-locality: Cayo Santa Marla, Archipielago de Sabana-Camaguey, Caibarien, Las Villas Prov- ince, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 2643.
Distribution. Known only from the type-locality.
(9) Anolis jubar yagujayensis Garrido
Anolis jubar yagujayensis Garrido, 1973, Poeyana (120) :1 5. Type-locality: El Yaguey, Lomas de Platero, some 15 km E Caibarien, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 2372.
Distribution. Cuba; the mountainous region from about 13 km E Caibarien (type-locality) to the area near Punta Caguanes, northern Las Villas Province.
REMARKS. A. jubar has also been reported from Cayo Romano in the Archipielago de Sabana-Camaguey, but the subspecies there is unknown.
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ANOLIS KOOPMANI Rand
Anolis koopmani Rand, 1961, Breviora (137) :1. Type-locality: Carrefour Canon,
350 meters, near Ducis, north of Les Cayes, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holo- type: MCZ 62541.
Distribution. Hispaniola: Haiti; southern slopes of the extreme western portion of the Massif de la Hotte at the type-locality and Les Platons. Altitudinal Distribution from 1150 feet to 2475 feet.
ANOLIS KRUGI Peters
Anolis krugi Peters, 1876, Monatsb. Akad. Wiss. Berlin:707. Type-locality: Puerto Rico. Syntypes: ZMB 8965 (apparently now lost).
Distribution. Puerto Rico: widespread in primarily interior localities from Maricao and the Cordillera Jaicoa in the west to the Bosque Experimental de Luquillo in the east; north to 5 km SE Isabela and 2 mi. S Cruce Magueyes; south to 2 km E Juana ofaz and the Sierra de Panduras (2.5 mi. SW Yabucoa). Altitudinal distribution from 200 feet (2 km E Juana Diaz) to 3800 feet (30 km N, 8 mi. E Ponce).
ANOLIS LINEATOPUS Gray
Anolis lineatopus Gray, 1840, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 1(5):113. Type-locality: Un- known. Holotype: BMNH 1936.12.3.92=1946.8.12.61.
(1) Anolis lineatopus lineatopus Gray
Anolis lineatopus lynni Grant, 1940, Jamaica Today: 185. Type-locality: Chester- vale, St. Andrew Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: USNM 107902.
Anolis lineatopus coxi Grant, 1940, Jamaica Today: 185. Type-locality: Portland Point (=Portland Ridge), Clarendon Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 45079. Anolis lineatopus lineatopus: Grant, 1940, Bull. Inst. Jamaica Sci. Ser. 1:89.
Distribution. Roughly the southern third of Jamaica from St. Elizabeth Parish (eastern edge of the Black River Swamp) east in St. Thomas Parish to Port Morant. The northern edge of the range is ill-defined, due primarily to sparse locality records, and appears to interdigitate with that of A. I. neckeri. An ap- parently disjunct population occurs macrosympatrically with other subspecies on the north coast of Portland Parish between Orange Bay and Port Antonio.
(2) Anolis lineatopus ahenobarbus Underwood and Williams
Anolis lineatopus abenobarbus Underwood and Williams, 1959, Bull. Inst. Jamaica Sci. Ser. 9:40. Type-locality: Soldiers Bay, 2 km E Port Antonio, Port- land Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: BMNH 1954.1.2.58.
Distribution. Extreme eastern Jamaica: Portland Parish from the vicinity of Port Antonio east and south into northeastern St. Thomas Parish, where it is known from the Plantain Garden River Valley (Whitehall-Bath region).
(3) Anolis lineatopus merope Underwood and Williams
Anolis lineatopus merope Underwood and Williams, 1959, Bull. Inst. Jamaica Sci. Ser. 9:36. Type-locality: Drax Hall, 3 km E St. Ann's Bay, St. Ann Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: BMNE1 1954.1.2.60.
Distribution. The northern marginal region of Jamaica from Hanover and northern Westmoreland parishes east to Agualta Vale (St. Mary Parish).
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(4) Anolis lineatopus neckeri Grant
Anolis lineatopus neckeri Grant, 1940, yama/ca Today: 155. Type-locality: Mandeville, Manchester Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 45087.
Distribution. Along the east-west axis of Jamaica from Hanover and Westmore- land parishes east into St. Catherine Parish.
REMARKS. Populations intermediate between two, three, or four of the sub- species occur in the eastern part of Jamaica west and southwest of Buff Bay.
In other parts of the island the subspecies, particularly neckeri and lineatopus, appear to interdigitate extensively or even to overlap (merope and neckeri in Hanover and Westmoreland parishes). The interrelationships of the subspecies need to be clarified. Specimens from southern parts of St. James and Trelawny parishes and from parts of Westmoreland Parish, presently assigned to neckeri, differ somewhat from typical neckeri in pattern and dewlap color.
ANOLIS LIVIDUS Carman
Anolis lividus Garman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:43. Type-locality: Montserrat; restricted to Plymouth, St. Anthony's Parish, Montserrat, by Lazell, 1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1):56. Syntypes: ANSP 23010, MCZ 6176, USNM 39303.
Distribution. Montserrat.
ANOLIS LONGICEPS Schmidt
Anolis longiceps Schmidt, 1919, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 41(12):521. Type-local- ity: Navassa Island. Holotype: AMNH 12597.
Distribution. Navassa Island.
ANOLIS LONGITIBIALIS Noble
Anolis longitibialis Noble, 1923, Amer. Mus. Novitates (64) :4. Type-locality: Isla Beata, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: AMNH 24329.
Distribution. Republica Dominicana, Isla Alto Velo and the Penmsula de Barahona north to the southern foothills of the Massif de la Selle north of Pedernales and the Sierra de Baoruco north of Cabo Rojo. Altitudinal distribu- tion from sea level to 1150 feet.
ANOLIS LOYSIANA Dumeril and Bibron
Anolis loysiana Dumeril and Bibron, 1837, Erp. Gen. 4:100. Type-locality: Cuba. Holotype: MNHN 2465.
Distribution. Cuba: islandwide but rare.
ANOLIS LUCIAE Garman
Anolis luciae Garman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:44. Type-locality: St. Lucia; restricted to Castries, Castries Quarter, St. Lucia, by Lazell, 1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1):71. Syntypes: ANSP 24166, MCZ 6173, MCZ 6175, USNM 39296-97.
Anolis trinitatis procuratoris Underwood, 1959, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 121(5):214. Type-locality: Savanne Edmund, 13° 47' N, 61° 1/2' W, Laborie Quarter, St. Lucia. Holotype: MCZ 57202.
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Distribution. Specimens are known from St. Lucia and its satellites Pigeon I. and the southernmost of the Maria Is. Lazell (1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool.
143(1 ):73) stated that “Anolis luciae occurs throughout St. Lucia and on its coastal cays that support more than herb-stage vegetation, like Pigeon . . . and the southernmost of the Maria Islands.”
ANOLIS LUCIUS Dumeril and Bibron
Anolis lucius Dumeril and Bibron, 1837, Erp. Gen. 4:105. Type-locality: Cuba. Holotype: MNHN 2466.
Anolis mertensi Ahl, 1925, Zool. Anz. 62:86. Type-locality: Cuba. Holotype:
ZMB 27811.
Distribution. Central and eastern Cuba, from Habana Province (2 mi. E Boca de Jaruco) eastward to Oriente Province (Los Negros; Baire; WSW of Maffo); an isolated record from San Cristobal, Pinar del Rio Province.
ANOLIS LUTEOGULARIS Noble and Hassler
Anolis luteogularis Noble and Hassler, 1935, Copeia (3):113. Type-locality: San Diego de los Banos, Pinar del Rfo Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 46502.
(1) Anolis luteogularis luteogularis Noble and Hassler
Anolis luteogularis luteogularis: Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 39(134):8.
Distribution. Cuba; Pinar del Rio Province (Isabel Rubio, San Vicente), east to Habana Province (La Habana, south of Guines).
(2) Anolis luteogularis calceus Schwartz and Garrido
Anolis luteogularis calceus Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 39(134) :25. Type-locality: Santo Tomas, Cienaga de Zapata, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 1295.
Distribution. Known only from the type-locality.
(3) Anolis luteogularis coctilis Schwartz and Garrido
Anolis luteogularis coctilis Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 39(134) :22. Type-locality: Punta del Ingles, Cayo Cantiles, Archipielago de los Canarreos, Habana Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 402.
Distribution. Known only from Cayo Cantiles.
(4) Anolis luteogularis delacruzi Schwartz and Garrido
Anolis luteogularis delacruzi Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 39(134) :16. Type-locality: Santa Isabel, southeastern portion of the northern two-thirds of the Isla de Pinos, north of the Cienaga de Lanier, Isla de Pinos, Habana Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 1277.
Distribution. Known only from the tvpe-locality.
(5) Anolis luteogularis hassled Barbour and Shreve
Anolis equestris hassleri Barbour and Shreve, 1935, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8:251. Type-locality: Los Indios, Isla de Pinos, Habana Province. Holotype: MCZ 11178.
Anolis luteogularis hassleri: Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 39(134):14.
Distribution. Isla de Pinos, north of the Cienaga de Lanier with the exception of the range of A. I. delacruzi; intergrades with A. /. sectilis at Cayo Piedras.
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(6) Anolis luteogularis jaumei Schwartz and Garrido
Anolis luteogularis jaumei Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 39(134) :27. Type-locality: Playa Larga, Cienaga de Zapata,
Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 369.
Distribution. Known only from the type-locality.
(7) Anolis luteogularis nivevultus Schwartz and Garrido
Anolis luteogularis nivevultus Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is.